Xylazine

Modify Date: 2024-01-02 17:50:05

Xylazine Structure
Xylazine structure
 Common Name Xylazine
CAS Number 7361-61-7 Molecular Weight 220.334
Density 1.2±0.1 g/cm3 Boiling Point 334.2±52.0 °C at 760 mmHg
Molecular Formula C12H16N2S Melting Point 140ºC
MSDS Chinese USA Flash Point 155.9±30.7 °C
Symbol GHS06
GHS06		 Signal Word Danger

 Use of Xylazine


Xylazine is α2 class of adrenergic receptor agonist.Target: Adrenergic ReceptorXylazine is a drug that is used for sedation, anesthesia, muscle relaxation, and analgesia in animals such as horses, cattle and other non-human mammals. An analogue of clonidine, it is an agonist at the α2 class of adrenergic receptor. Xylazine has recently emerged as a recreational drug, especially in Puerto Rico [1]. Administration of xylazine (0.17 mg/kg of body weight, diluted to a 10-ml volume, using 0.9% NaCl) induced approximately 2.5 hours of local analgesia without apparent side effects. Higher doses of xylazine caused mild hind limb ataxia. Administration of lidocaine induced a similar duration of analgesia, with severe hind limb ataxia (100% incidence). We concluded that xylazine given by epidural injection results in safe, effective perineal analgesia in horses [2].

 Names

Name N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-5,6-dihydro-4H-1,3-thiazin-2-amine
Synonym More Synonyms

 Xylazine Biological Activity

Description Xylazine is α2 class of adrenergic receptor agonist.Target: Adrenergic ReceptorXylazine is a drug that is used for sedation, anesthesia, muscle relaxation, and analgesia in animals such as horses, cattle and other non-human mammals. An analogue of clonidine, it is an agonist at the α2 class of adrenergic receptor. Xylazine has recently emerged as a recreational drug, especially in Puerto Rico [1]. Administration of xylazine (0.17 mg/kg of body weight, diluted to a 10-ml volume, using 0.9% NaCl) induced approximately 2.5 hours of local analgesia without apparent side effects. Higher doses of xylazine caused mild hind limb ataxia. Administration of lidocaine induced a similar duration of analgesia, with severe hind limb ataxia (100% incidence). We concluded that xylazine given by epidural injection results in safe, effective perineal analgesia in horses [2].
Related Catalog
References

[1]. Reyes, J.C., et al., The emerging of xylazine as a new drug of abuse and its health consequences among drug users in Puerto Rico. J Urban Health, 2012. 89(3): p. 519-26.

[2]. Hsu, W.H., Xylazine-induced depression and its antagonism by alpha adrenergic blocking agents. J Pharmacol Exp Ther, 1981. 218(1): p. 188-92.

 Chemical & Physical Properties

Density 1.2±0.1 g/cm3
Boiling Point 334.2±52.0 °C at 760 mmHg
Melting Point 140ºC
Molecular Formula C12H16N2S
Molecular Weight 220.334
Flash Point 155.9±30.7 °C
Exact Mass 220.103424
PSA 49.69000
LogP 2.37
Vapour Pressure 0.0±0.7 mmHg at 25°C
Index of Refraction 1.611
Storage condition −20°C

 Toxicological Information

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :
XJ0776300
CHEMICAL NAME :
4H-1,3-Thiazine, 5,6-dihydro-2-(2,6-xylidino)-
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :
7361-61-7
LAST UPDATED :
199606
DATA ITEMS CITED :
8
MOLECULAR FORMULA :
C12-H16-N2-S
MOLECULAR WEIGHT :
220.36
WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :
T6N CS AUTJ BMR B1 F1

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Human - woman
DOSE/DURATION :
8 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Behavioral - changes in motor activity (specific assay) Cardiac - pulse rate
REFERENCE :
CTOXAO Clinical Toxicology. (New York, NY) V.1-18, 1968-81. For publisher information, see JTCTDW. Volume(issue)/page/year: 18,663,1981
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intramuscular
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Human - woman
DOSE/DURATION :
734 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - miosis (pupillary constriction) Cardiac - pulse rate Vascular - BP lowering not characterized in autonomic section
REFERENCE :
AJEMEN American Journal of Emergency Medicine. (WB Saunders, Philadelphia, PA) V.1- 1983- Volume(issue)/page/year: 4,222,1986
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intramuscular
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Human - woman
DOSE/DURATION :
22 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Cardiac - pulse rate Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - pleural thickening
REFERENCE :
AJEMEN American Journal of Emergency Medicine. (WB Saunders, Philadelphia, PA) V.1- 1983- Volume(issue)/page/year: 4,222,1986
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
130 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
DTTIAF Deutsche Tieraerztliche Wochenschrift. (Hanover, Fed. Rep. Ger.) V.1-77, 1893-1970. Volume(issue)/page/year: 75,565,1968
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
240 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
DTTIAF Deutsche Tieraerztliche Wochenschrift. (Hanover, Fed. Rep. Ger.) V.1-77, 1893-1970. Volume(issue)/page/year: 75,565,1968
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
121 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
DTTIAF Deutsche Tieraerztliche Wochenschrift. (Hanover, Fed. Rep. Ger.) V.1-77, 1893-1970. Volume(issue)/page/year: 75,565,1968
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
18 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
CSLNX* U.S. Army Armament Research & Development Command, Chemical Systems Laboratory, NIOSH Exchange Chemicals. (Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010) Volume(issue)/page/year: NX#10054 *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - E0475 No. of Facilities: 403 (estimated) No. of Industries: 1 No. of Occupations: 5 No. of Employees: 4029 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 2015 (estimated)

 Safety Information

Symbol GHS06
GHS06
Signal Word Danger
Hazard Statements H301
Precautionary Statements Missing Phrase - N15.00950417
Personal Protective Equipment Eyeshields;Faceshields;Gloves;type P2 (EN 143) respirator cartridges
Hazard Codes T:Toxic;
Risk Phrases R25
Safety Phrases S45
RIDADR UN 2811
WGK Germany 3
RTECS XJ0776300
Packaging Group III
Hazard Class 6.1
HS Code 2934999090

 Synthetic Route

2,6-xylidine structure

2,6-xylidine

CAS#:87-62-7

~82%

Xylazine Structure

Xylazine

CAS#:7361-61-7

Literature: Vetamix Patent: US4614798 A1, 1986 ;
2-Isothiocyanato-1,3-dimethylbenzene structure

2-Isothiocyanat...

CAS#:19241-16-8

3-Aminopropan-1-ol structure

3-Aminopropan-1-ol

CAS#:156-87-6

~79%

Xylazine Structure

Xylazine

CAS#:7361-61-7

Literature: Vetamix Patent: US4614798 A1, 1986 ;

 Customs

HS Code 2934999090
Summary 2934999090. other heterocyclic compounds. VAT:17.0%. Tax rebate rate:13.0%. . MFN tariff:6.5%. General tariff:20.0%

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 Synonyms

Rompun
Xylazinum
xylazine
MFCD00057908
Xilazina [INN-Spanish]
EINECS 230-902-1
4H-1,3-Thiazin-2-amine, N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-5,6-dihydro-
UNII-2KFG9TP5V8
N-(2,6-Dimethylphenyl)-5,6-dihydro-4H-1,3-thiazin-2-amine
Xylazinum [INN-Latin]
Xylazin
Xilazina
(5,6-dihydro-4H-[1,3]thiazin-2-yl)-(2,6-dimethyl-phenyl)-amine
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