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盐酸万古霉素

盐酸万古霉素用途

Vancomycin hydrochloride是用于治疗细菌感染 (bacterial) 的抗生素。它通过抑制易感细菌的细胞壁合成的第二阶段起作用。 Vancomycin还改变细胞膜的渗透性并选择性地抑制核糖核酸的合成。

盐酸万古霉素名称

[ CAS 号 ]:
1404-93-9

[ 中文名 ]:
盐酸万古霉素

[ 英文名 ]:
Vancomycin Hydrochloride

[中文别名 ]:

[英文别名 ]:

Vancocin
Vancomycin HCL
Lyphocin (LyphoMed)
VANCOR
Vancomycin hydrochloride
Vancomycin (hydrochloride)
EINECS 604-193-8

盐酸万古霉素生物活性

[ 描述 ]:

[ 相关类别 ]:

信号通路 >> 自噬 >> 自噬

信号通路 >> 抗感染 >> 细菌

研究领域 >> 感染

[ 靶点 ]

Bacterial[1]

[体外研究]

万古霉素是一种大的糖肽化合物,分子量为1450 Da [1]。万古霉素是一种独特的糖肽,在结构上与任何目前可用的抗生素无关。它还具有抑制易感细菌的细胞壁合成的第二阶段的独特作用模式。万古霉素对大量革兰氏阳性细菌有活性,例如金黄色葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus aureus),金黄色葡萄球菌(Staph)。表皮葡萄球菌无乳链球菌博维斯,Str。变形链球菌,草绿色链球菌,肠球菌[2]。

[体内研究]

万古霉素静脉内给药,标准输注时间至少为1小时,以最大限度地减少输注相关的不良反应。具有正常肌酸酐清除率的受试者,万古霉素具有30分钟至1小时的α-分布期和6-12小时的β-消除半衰期。分布容积为0.4-1L/kg。万古霉素与蛋白质的结合范围为10％至50％。影响万古霉素总活性的因素包括其组织分布,接种量和蛋白结合效应[1]。感染小鼠的万古霉素治疗与改善临床,腹泻和组织病理学评分以及治疗期间的存活率相关[3]。

[动物实验]

小鼠：进行一组实验，其中感染的小鼠每天用万古霉素（50mg / kg）治疗1,2,3或5天，并在感染后观察21天或每天用万古霉素（20mg / kg）观察持续5天或10天，并在感染后监测15天[3]。

[参考文献]

[1]. Rybak MJ, et al. The pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of vancomycin. Clin Infect Dis. 2006 Jan 1;42 Suppl 1:S35-9.

[2]. Watanakunakorn C, et al. Mode of action and in-vitro activity of vancomycin. J Antimicrob Chemother. 1984 Dec;14 Suppl D:7-18.

[3]. Warren CA, et al. Vancomycin treatment's association with delayed intestinal tissue injury, clostridial overgrowth, and recurrence of Clostridium difficile infection in mice. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2013 Feb;57(2):689-96.

[相关活性小分子]

盐酸万古霉素物理化学性质

[ 密度 ]:
1.7±0.1 g/cm3

[ 熔点 ]:
>190°C (dec.)

[ 分子式 ]:
C₆₆H₇₆Cl₃N₉O₂₄

[ 分子量 ]:
1485.714

[ 闪点 ]:
87℃

[ 精确质量 ]:
1483.406860

[ PSA ]:
530.49000

[ LogP ]:
-1.44

[ 外观性状 ]:
灰白色粉末

[ 折射率 ]:
1.735

[ 储存条件 ]:
2-8°C

[ 水溶解性 ]:
H2O: 50 mg/mL, clear, yellow | Soluble in water. Slightly soluble in methanol, ethanol and dimethylsulfoxide.

盐酸万古霉素MSDS

详细MSDS(安全技术说明书)

盐酸万古霉素毒性和生态

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :: YW4380000

CHEMICAL NAME :: Vancomycin, hydrochloride

CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :: 1404-93-9

LAST UPDATED :: 199603

DATA ITEMS CITED :: 16

MOLECULAR FORMULA :: C66-H75-Cl2-N9-O24.Cl-H

MOLECULAR WEIGHT :: 1485.86

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Human - woman

DOSE/DURATION :: 40 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Gastrointestinal - peritonitis Blood - changes in leukocyte (WBC) count

REFERENCE :: AJKDDP American Journal of Kidney Diseases. (Grune & Stratton, Inc., Journal Subscription Dept., POB 6280, Duluth, MN 55806) V.1- 1981- Volume(issue)/page/year: 17,76,1991

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Human - woman

DOSE/DURATION :: 20 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Cardiac - arrhythmias (including changes in conduction)

REFERENCE :: AIMEAS Annals of Internal Medicine. (American College of Physicians, 4200 Pine St., Philadelphia, PA 19104) V.1- 1927- Volume(issue)/page/year: 101,880,1984

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Human - man

DOSE/DURATION :: 1429 ug/kg/10-C

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Skin and Appendages - dermatitis, other (after systemic exposure)

REFERENCE :: MACPAJ Mayo Clinic Proceedings. (Room 1035, Plummer Bldg., Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905) V.39- 1964- Volume(issue)/page/year: 61,721,1986

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Human - man

DOSE/DURATION :: 43 mg/kg/2W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Blood - agranulocytosis

REFERENCE :: AJMEAZ American Journal of Medicine. (Technical Pub., 875 Third Ave., New York, NY 10022) V.1- 1946- Volume(issue)/page/year: 81,1059,1986

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Human - child

DOSE/DURATION :: 27500 ug/kg/10M-C

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Vascular - BP lowering not characterized in autonomic section Skin and Appendages - dermatitis, allergic (after systemic exposure)

REFERENCE :: CPEDAM Clinical Pediatrics (Philadelphia). (Lippincott/Harper, Journal Fulfillment Dept., 2350 Virginia Ave., Hagerstown, MD 21740) V.1- 1962- Volume(issue)/page/year: 23,416,1984

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: >10 gm/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: NIIRDN Drugs in Japan (Ethical Drugs). (Yakugyo Jiho Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan) Volume(issue)/page/year: 6,597,1982

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 2218 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: IYKEDH Iyakuhin Kenkyu. Study of Medical Supplies. (Nippon Koteisho Kyokai, 12-15, 2-chome, Shibuya, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo 150, Japan) V.1- 1970- Volume(issue)/page/year: 12,933,1981

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 319 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: IYKEDH Iyakuhin Kenkyu. Study of Medical Supplies. (Nippon Koteisho Kyokai, 12-15, 2-chome, Shibuya, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo 150, Japan) V.1- 1970- Volume(issue)/page/year: 12,933,1981

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: >5 gm/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: ABANAE Antibiotics Annual. (New York, NY) 1953-60. For publisher information, see AMACCQ. Volume(issue)/page/year: 4,75,1956/1957

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 1734 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: IYKEDH Iyakuhin Kenkyu. Study of Medical Supplies. (Nippon Koteisho Kyokai, 12-15, 2-chome, Shibuya, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo 150, Japan) V.1- 1970- Volume(issue)/page/year: 12,933,1981

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: >5 gm/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - general anesthetic

REFERENCE :: ABANAE Antibiotics Annual. (New York, NY) 1953-60. For publisher information, see AMACCQ. Volume(issue)/page/year: 4,75,1956/1957

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 489 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :: IYKEDH Iyakuhin Kenkyu. Study of Medical Supplies. (Nippon Koteisho Kyokai, 12-15, 2-chome, Shibuya, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo 150, Japan) V.1- 1970- Volume(issue)/page/year: 12,933,1981

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - guinea pig

DOSE/DURATION :: 737 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - hematuria

REFERENCE :: ABANAE Antibiotics Annual. (New York, NY) 1953-60. For publisher information, see AMACCQ. Volume(issue)/page/year: 4,75,1956/1957 ** REPRODUCTIVE DATA **

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

DOSE :: 2000 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :: female 6-15 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants) Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetal death

REFERENCE :: FAATDF Fundamental and Applied Toxicology. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E. First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1981- Volume(issue)/page/year: 23,590,1994

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

DOSE :: 1560 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :: female 6-18 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Maternal Effects - other effects Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)

REFERENCE :: FAATDF Fundamental and Applied Toxicology. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E. First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1981- Volume(issue)/page/year: 23,590,1994 *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - X3897 No. of Facilities: 312 (estimated) No. of Industries: 1 No. of Occupations: 7 No. of Employees: 9966 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 7206 (estimated)

盐酸万古霉素安全信息

[ 符号 ]:

GHS07

[ 信号词 ]:
Warning

[ 危害声明 ]:
H317

[ 警示性声明 ]:
P280

[ 个人防护装备 ]:
dust mask type N95 (US);Eyeshields;Faceshields;Gloves

[ 危害码 (欧洲) ]:
Xi:Irritant

[ 风险声明 (欧洲) ]:
R43

[ 安全声明 (欧洲) ]:
S24/25

[ 危险品运输编码 ]:
NONH for all modes of transport

[ WGK德国 ]:
2

[ RTECS号 ]:
YW4380000

[ 海关编码 ]:
2941909000

盐酸万古霉素海关

[ 海关编码 ]: 2941909000

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