抗坏血酸

抗坏血酸用途

L-抗坏血酸是一种有效的还原剂和抗氧化剂。

抗坏血酸作用

维生素C在体内参与多种反应，第一、促进胶原蛋白合成；第二、参与胆固醇转化；第三、参与芳香族氨基酸代谢；第四、参与体内氧化还原反应，在生物氧化和还原作用以及细胞呼吸中起重要作用。从组织水平看，维生素C的主要作用是与细胞间质的合成有关。包括胶原，牙和骨的基质，以及毛细血管内皮细胞间的接合物。因此，当维生素C缺乏所引起的坏血病时，伴有胶原合成缺陷，表现为创伤难以愈合，牙齿形成障碍和毛细血管破损引起大量瘀血点，瘀血点融合形成瘀斑。

抗坏血酸名称

[ CAS 号 ]:
50-81-7

[ 中文名 ]:
L-抗坏血酸

[ 英文名 ]:
Ascorbic acid

[中文别名 ]:

[英文别名 ]:

L-Ascorbic acid
EINECS 200-066-2
L-Ascorbic acid（C)
Calscorbate
monodehydro-L-ascorbic acid
Cetebe
MFCD03457784
L(+)-Ascorbic acid
Vitamin C

抗坏血酸生物活性

[ 描述 ]:

L-抗坏血酸是一种有效的还原剂和抗氧化剂。

[ 相关类别 ]:

信号通路 >> 其他 >> 其他

研究领域 >> 代谢疾病

[参考文献]

[1]. Lachapelle MY, et al. Inactivation dates of the human and guinea pig vitamin C genes. Genetica. 2011 Feb;139(2):199-207.

[相关活性小分子]

抗坏血酸物理化学性质

[ 密度 ]:
2.0±0.1 g/cm3

[ 沸点 ]:
552.7±50.0 °C at 760 mmHg

[ 熔点 ]:
190-194 °C (dec.)

[ 分子式 ]:
C₆H₈O₆

[ 分子量 ]:
176.124

[ 闪点 ]:
238.2±23.6 °C

[ 精确质量 ]:
176.032089

[ PSA ]:
107.22000

[ LogP ]:
-2.41

[ 外观性状 ]:
白色至非常淡黄色结晶粉末

[ 蒸汽压 ]:
0.0±3.4 mmHg at 25°C

[ 折射率 ]:
1.711

[ 储存条件 ]:
通风低温干燥

[ 水溶解性 ]:
333 g/L (20 ºC)

抗坏血酸MSDS

详细MSDS(安全技术说明书)

抗坏血酸毒性和生态

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :: CI7650000

CHEMICAL NAME :: L-Ascorbic acid

CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :: 50-81-7

LAST UPDATED :: 199707

DATA ITEMS CITED :: 46

MOLECULAR FORMULA :: C6-H8-O6

MOLECULAR WEIGHT :: 176.14

WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :: T5OV EHJ CQ DQ EYQ1Q

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Human - man

DOSE/DURATION :: 2300 mg/kg/2D

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Blood - oxidant related (GPD deficient) anemia

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Human - woman

DOSE/DURATION :: 900 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - changes in tubules (including acute renal failure, acute tubular necrosis)

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 11900 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - lacrimation Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Gastrointestinal - hypermotility, diarrhea

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: >10 gm/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: >4 gm/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - altered sleep time (including change in righting reflex) Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity)

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 3367 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 643 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 518 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 546 gm/kg/13W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Related to Chronic Data - death

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

DOSE :: 2500 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :: female 1-22 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants)

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

DOSE :: 6680 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :: female 11 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetal death

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

DOSE :: 800 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :: female 8 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - Central Nervous System Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

DOSE :: 19500 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :: female 30-58 day(s) after conception lactating female 10 day(s) post-birth

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - biochemical and metabolic

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

DOSE :: 5800 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :: female 1-58 day(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - stillbirth Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - viability index (e.g., # alive at day 4 per # born alive)

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

DOSE :: 2471 mg/kg

SEX/DURATION :: multigenerations

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - growth statistics (e.g.%, reduced weight gain)

TYPE OF TEST :: Sperm Morphology

TYPE OF TEST :: Micronucleus test

TYPE OF TEST :: Cytogenetic analysis

TYPE OF TEST :: Sister chromatid exchange

MUTATION DATA

TYPE OF TEST :: DNA damage

TEST SYSTEM :: Mammal - species unspecified Lymphocyte

DOSE/DURATION :: 500 umol/L

REFERENCE :: JNSVA5 Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology. (Business Center for Academic Soc. Japan, 2-4-16 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113, Japan) V.19- 1973- Volume(issue)/page/year: 24,263,1978 *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - M0462 No. of Facilities: 5030 (estimated) No. of Industries: 24 No. of Occupations: 33 No. of Employees: 69440 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - M0462 No. of Facilities: 7888 (estimated) No. of Industries: 41 No. of Occupations: 56 No. of Employees: 137698 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 84231 (estimated)

抗坏血酸安全信息

[ 个人防护装备 ]:
Eyeshields;Gloves;type N95 (US);type P1 (EN143) respirator filter

[ 危害码 (欧洲) ]:
Xn

[ 风险声明 (欧洲) ]:
R20/21/22

[ 安全声明 (欧洲) ]:
S24/25

[ 危险品运输编码 ]:
NONH for all modes of transport

[ WGK德国 ]:
1

[ RTECS号 ]:
CI7650000

[ 海关编码 ]:
29362700

抗坏血酸合成路线

详细合成路线

抗坏血酸上下游产品

抗坏血酸上游产品

抗坏血酸下游产品

抗坏血酸制备

1.以葡萄糖为原料，在镍催化下加氢生成山梨醇，再经醋酸杆菌发酵氧化成L-山梨糖，然后在浓硫酸催化下与丙酮发生缩合反应生成双丙酮L-山梨糖，再在碱性条件下用高锰酸钾氧化成L-抗坏血酸。生产流程和生产工艺为：

D-葡萄糖还原↓氢气，镍发酵氧化↓醋酸杆菌缩合↓丙酮，硫酸氧化↓KMnO4

环化，脱保护↓HCl气体重结晶↓乙醇成品

D-葡萄糖催化氢化用镍做催化剂可将葡萄糖转化为D-山梨糖醇。将D-山梨糖醇在醋酸杆菌作用下被氧化发酵成L-山梨糖，得率超过90%。再通过结晶法分离出L山梨糖。这个过程可以连续地大规模进行。

再以硫酸为催化剂，用丙酮处理L山梨糖可将其转变成2，3-O-异亚丙基-α-山梨糖和2，3，4，6-异亚丙基-α-L-呋喃山梨糖的混合物。将反应溶液中和，通过蒸馏除去丙酮，再用甲苯萃取产物。也可以用氯化铁或溴化铁代替催化剂硫酸。

在稀氢氧化钠溶液中，用次氯酸钠做氧化剂，用氯化镍做催化剂，可将2，3，4，6-异亚丙基αL呋喃山梨糖氧化成2，3，4，6-二（O-异亚丙基）-2-氧代-L-古罗糖酸。得率可达到90%以上。这步氧化反应也可在碱性条件下用高锰酸钾氧化，或在碱性溶液中直接用电化学方法氧化，或者在镍或钯的存在下用氧进行催化氧化。

使2，3，4，6-二（O-异亚丙基）-2-氧代-L-古罗糖酸脱去丙酮保护基和直接环化的方法有几种。方法之一是在水氯仿乙醇混合溶液中，用氯化氢气体处理古罗糖酸。在反应结束时，可将产品L抗坏血酸过滤，得率大于80%，再用稀乙醇重结晶可得抗坏血酸成品。

以葡萄糖为原料，在镍催化剂下加压氧化成山梨醇，再经醋酸杆菌发酵氧化成L-山梨醇，在浓硫酸催化下与丙酮反应生成双丙酮-L-山梨醇，再于碱性条件下经高锰酸钾氧化成L-抗坏血酸。

由葡萄糖制成D-山梨醇，再氧化发酵，生成L-山梨糖，经缩合生成二丙酮-L-山梨糖，再经氧化生成二丙酮-2-酮-L-葡萄糖酸，然后酯化成2-酮-L-葡萄糖酸甲酯，与甲醇钠作用生成抗坏血酸钠，最后再与盐酸加热得到抗坏血酸。

2.通常可先由葡萄糖制成D-山梨糖醇，然后经氧化发酵生成L-山梨糖，再缩合生成二丙酮-L-山梨糖，而后经氧化生成二丙酮-2-酮-L- 酮葡萄糖酸，再酯化成2- 酮-L葡萄糖酸甲酯，最后与甲醇钠作用生成抗坏血酸钠，与盐酸共热制成抗坏血酸。

抗坏血酸海关

[ 海关编码 ]: 29362700

抗坏血酸文献

Comparative in vitro study on magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles for MRI tracking of adipose tissue-derived progenitor cells.

PLoS ONE 9(9) , e108055, (2014)

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) using measurement of the transverse relaxation time (R2*) is to be considered as a promising approach for cell tracking experiments to evaluate the fate of transplante...

DNA double-strand breaks by Cr(VI) are targeted to euchromatin and cause ATR-dependent phosphorylation of histone H2AX and its ubiquitination.

Toxicol. Sci. 143(1) , 54-63, (2014)

Hexavalent chromium is a human respiratory carcinogen that undergoes intracellular activation in vivo primarily via reduction with ascorbate. Replication of Cr-adducted DNA triggers mismatch repair th...

Hypoxia reduces MAX expression in endothelial cells by unproductive splicing.

FEBS Lett. 588(24) , 4784-90, (2014)

The MYC-MAX-MXD network is involved in the regulation of cell differentiation and proliferation. Hypoxia affects the expression levels of several members of this network, but changes specific to MAX e...

更多文献

抗坏血酸相关知识

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2022-05-13 09:46:27

抗坏血酸的简介及制备　　抗坏血酸，又称维生素C，是一种水溶性维生素，一般为白色片状结晶或者结晶性粉末，有酸味，据化源网资料可知，抗坏血酸化学结构式为C6H8O6，CAS号50-81-7，熔点190～194摄氏度，相对分子量176.124，易溶于水，略微溶于乙醇，但是不溶于苯、乙醚、石油醚、氯仿、油...