1404-90-6

• 常用中文名：万古霉素
• 常用英文名：Vancomycin
• CAS号：1404-90-6
• 分子式：C₆₆H₇₅Cl₂N₉O₂₄
• 分子量：1449.25
• 相关类别： 原料药 抗生素类药物 多肽类药
• 发布时间：2018-08-04 23:12:46
• 更新时间：2024-01-02 15:40:58
• Vancomycin是用于治疗细菌感染的抗生素。

名称

• 中文名: 万古霉素
• 英文名: Vancomycin
• 英文别名: (1S,2R,18R,19R,22S,25R,28R,40S)-22-(2-Amino-2-oxoethyl)-48-{[(5ξ)-2-O-(3-amino-2,3,6-trideoxy-3-methyl-α-L-lyxo-hexopyranosyl)-β-D-xylo-hexopyranosyl]oxy}-5,15-dichloro-2,18,32,35,37-pentahydr oxy-19-[(N-methyl-D-leucyl)amino]-20,23,26,42,44-pentaoxo-7,13-dioxa-21,24,27,41,43-pentaazaoctacyclo[26.14.2.2.2.1.1.0.0]pentaconta-3,5,8(48),9,11,14,16,29(45), 30,32,34,36,38,46,49-pentadecaene-40-carboxy; MFCD05664587; EINECS 215-772-6

物化性质

• 密度: 1.65 g/cm3
• 分子式: C₆₆H₇₅Cl₂N₉O₂₄
• 分子量: 1449.25
• PSA: 530.49000
• LogP: 4.73460
• 外观性状: 近乎于白色粉末
• 储存条件: -20℃

生物活性

• 描述: Vancomycin是用于治疗细菌感染的抗生素。
• 相关类别:
  信号通路 >> 抗感染 >> 细菌
  研究领域 >> 感染
• 体外研究: 万古霉素是一种大的糖肽化合物,分子量为1450 Da [1]。万古霉素是一种独特的糖肽,在结构上与任何目前可用的抗生素无关。它还具有抑制易感细菌的细胞壁合成的第二阶段的独特作用模式。万古霉素对大量革兰氏阳性细菌有活性,例如金黄色葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus aureus),金黄色葡萄球菌(Staph)。表皮葡萄球菌无乳链球菌博维斯,Str。变形链球菌,草绿色链球菌,肠球菌[2]。
• 体内研究: 万古霉素静脉内给药,标准输注时间至少为1小时,以最大限度地减少输注相关的不良反应。具有正常肌酸酐清除率的受试者,万古霉素具有30分钟至1小时的α-分布期和6-12小时的β-消除半衰期。分布容积为0.4-1L/kg。万古霉素与蛋白质的结合范围为10％至50％。影响万古霉素总活性的因素包括其组织分布,接种量和蛋白结合效应[1]。感染小鼠的万古霉素治疗与改善临床,腹泻和组织病理学评分以及治疗期间的存活率相关[3]。
• 动物实验: 小鼠：进行一组实验，其中感染的小鼠每天用万古霉素（50mg / kg）治疗1,2,3或5天，并在感染后观察21天或每天用万古霉素（20mg / kg）观察持续5天或10天，并在感染后监测15天[3]。
• 参考文献:

  [1]. Rybak MJ, et al. The pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of vancomycin. Clin Infect Dis. 2006 Jan 1;42 Suppl 1:S35-9.

  [2]. Watanakunakorn C, et al. Mode of action and in-vitro activity of vancomycin. J Antimicrob Chemother. 1984 Dec;14 Suppl D:7-18.

  [3]. Warren CA, et al. Vancomycin treatment's association with delayed intestinal tissue injury, clostridial overgrowth, and recurrence of Clostridium difficile infection in mice. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2013 Feb;57(2):689-96.

毒性和生态

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION RTECS NUMBER : YW4375000 CHEMICAL NAME : Vancomycin CAS REGISTRY NUMBER : 1404-90-6 LAST UPDATED : 199612 DATA ITEMS CITED : 12 MOLECULAR FORMULA : C66-H75-Cl2-N9-O24 MOLECULAR WEIGHT : 1449.40 HEALTH HAZARD DATA ACUTE TOXICITY DATA TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intravenous SPECIES OBSERVED : Human - infant DOSE/DURATION : 119 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Cardiac - pulse rate increase, without fall in BP Vascular - BP lowering not characterized in autonomic section Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - cyanosis REFERENCE : JTCTDW Journal of Toxicology, Clinical Toxicology. (Marcel Dekker, 270 Madison Ave., New York, NY 10016) V.19- 1982- Volume(issue)/page/year: 34,83,1996 TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intravenous SPECIES OBSERVED : Human - woman DOSE/DURATION : 15 mg/kg/90M-C TOXIC EFFECTS : Skin and Appendages - dermatitis, allergic (after systemic exposure) REFERENCE : NEJMAG New England Journal of Medicine. (Massachusetts Medical Soc., 10 Shattuck St., Boston, MA 02115) V.198- 1928- Volume(issue)/page/year: 313,756,1985 TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intravenous SPECIES OBSERVED : Human - woman DOSE/DURATION : 170 mg/kg/19D-I TOXIC EFFECTS : Blood - agranulocytosis REFERENCE : CMAJAX Canadian Medical Association Journal. (Canadian Medical Assoc., POB 8650, Ottawa, ON K1G 0G8, Canada) V.1- 1911- Volume(issue)/page/year: 132,39,1985 TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intravenous SPECIES OBSERVED : Human - infant DOSE/DURATION : 295 mg/kg/3D-I TOXIC EFFECTS : Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - interstitial nephritis REFERENCE : JTCTDW Journal of Toxicology, Clinical Toxicology. (Marcel Dekker, 270 Madison Ave., New York, NY 10016) V.19- 1982- Volume(issue)/page/year: 30,285,1992 TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Multiple routes SPECIES OBSERVED : Human - woman DOSE/DURATION : 30 mg/kg/2D-I TOXIC EFFECTS : Skin and Appendages - dermatitis, other (after systemic exposure) REFERENCE : AIMEAS Annals of Internal Medicine. (American College of Physicians, 4200 Pine St., Philadelphia, PA 19104) V.1- 1927- Volume(issue)/page/year: 115,410,1991 TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse DOSE/DURATION : 1734 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value REFERENCE : 85FZAT "Index of Antibiotics from Actinomycetes," Umezawa, H. et al., eds., Tokyo, Univ. of Tokyo Press, 1967 Volume(issue)/page/year: -,675,1967 TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Subcutaneous SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse DOSE/DURATION : 5 gm/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value REFERENCE : 85GDA2 "CRC Handbook of Antibiotic Compounds," Vols.1- , Berdy, J., Boca Raton, FL, CRC Press, 1980- Volume(issue)/page/year: 1,315,1980 TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intravenous SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse DOSE/DURATION : 430 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value REFERENCE : JANTAJ Journal of Antibiotics. (Japan Antibiotics Research Assoc., 2-20-8 Kamiosaki, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 141, Japan) V.2-5, 1948-52; V.21- 1968- Volume(issue)/page/year: 43,913,1990 ** OTHER MULTIPLE DOSE TOXICITY DATA ** TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intravenous SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat DOSE/DURATION : 640 mg/kg/4D-I TOXIC EFFECTS : Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - changes in tubules (including acute renal failure, acute tubular necrosis) Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - other changes in urine composition REFERENCE : NKRZAZ Chemotherapy (Tokyo). (Nippon Kagaku Ryoho Gakkai, 2-20-8 Kamiosaki, Shinagawa-Ku, Tokyo 141, Japan) V.1- 1953- Volume(issue)/page/year: 42,200,1995 *** REVIEWS *** TOXICOLOGY REVIEW DICPBB Drug Intelligence and Clinical Pharmacy. (POB 42435, Cincinnati, OH 45242) V.3- 1969- Volume(issue)/page/year: 8,520,1974 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW AJMEAZ American Journal of Medicine. (Technical Pub., 875 Third Ave., New York, NY 10022) V.1- 1946- Volume(issue)/page/year: 38,409,1965 *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - X3663 No. of Facilities: 324 (estimated) No. of Industries: 1 No. of Occupations: 7 No. of Employees: 14913 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 13290 (estimated)

安全

• 海关编码: 3004209090

合成路线

101485-50-1 755033-86-4 ~% 1404-90-6

文献：Journal of the American Chemical Society, , vol. 127, # 30 p. 10747 - 10752

216668-88-1 ~79% 1404-90-6

文献：Thompson, Christopher; Ge, Min; Kahne, Daniel Journal of the American Chemical Society, 1999 , vol. 121, # 6 p. 1237 - 1244

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