L-Kynurenine
L-Kynurenine structure
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Common Name | L-Kynurenine | ||
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| CAS Number | 2922-83-0 | Molecular Weight | 208.214 | |
| Density | 1.3±0.1 g/cm3 | Boiling Point | 466.6±45.0 °C at 760 mmHg | |
| Molecular Formula | C10H12N2O3 | Melting Point | 302.49° C | |
| MSDS | Chinese USA | Flash Point | 236.0±28.7 °C | |
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Vitamin B1 deficiency inhibits the increased conversion of tryptophan to nicotinamide in severe food-restricted rats.
Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem. 79(1) , 103-8, (2015) The conversion of tryptophan (Trp) → nicotinamide (Nam) is an important pathway for supplying vitamin niacin. We reported the following two phenomena: (1) severe food restriction led to an increase in the Trp → Nam conversion compared with free-access control... |
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The urinary ratio of 3-hydroxykynurenine/3-hydroxyanthranilic acid is an index to predicting the adverse effects of D-tryptophan in rats.
J. Nutr. Sci. Vitaminol. 60(4) , 261-8, (2014) The adverse effects of D-tryptophan and the possibility of it being a surrogate index for predicting adverse effects in rats were investigated. Male rats were fed one of several test diets (20% casein diets with 0% (control), 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3%, 0.4%, and 0.5% ... |
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Organic anion transporting polypeptides 1B1 and 1B3 play an important role in uremic toxin handling and drug-uremic toxin interactions in the liver.
J. Pharm. Pharm. Sci. 17(4) , 475-84, (2015) Organic anion-transporting polypeptide (OATP) 1B1 and OATP1B3 contribute to hepatic uptake of numerous drugs. Thus, reduced OATP1B1 and OATP1B3 activity in chronic kidney disease (CKD) may have a major impact on the hepatic clearance of drugs. The effect of d... |
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A single-run liquid chromatography mass spectrometry method to quantify neuroactive kynurenine pathway metabolites in rat plasma.
J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal. 107 , 426-31, (2015) Neuroactive metabolites in the kynurenine pathway of tryptophan catabolism are associated with neurodegenerative disorders. Tryptophan is transported across the blood-brain barrier and converted via the kynurenine pathway to N-formyl-L-kynurenine, which is fu... |
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Danzhi Xiaoyao San ameliorates depressive-like behavior by shifting toward serotonin via the downregulation of hippocampal indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase.
J. Ethnopharmacol. 160 , 86-93, (2014) Danzhi Xiaoyao San (DXS) is a canonical Chinese medicine formula from Principles of Internal Medicine, which was written during the Ming dynasty. This formula is approved and commercialized for use in the prevention and treatment of affective disorders. This ... |
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Effects of pro-inflammatory cytokines on expression of kynurenine pathway enzymes in human dermal fibroblasts.
J. Inflamm. (Lond.) 8 , 25, (2011) The kynurenine pathway (KP) is the main route of tryptophan degradation in the human body and generates several neuroactive and immunomodulatory metabolites. Altered levels of KP-metabolites have been observed in neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disorde... |
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The L-kynurenine signalling pathway in trigeminal pain processing: a potential therapeutic target in migraine?
Cephalalgia 31 , 1029-1038, (2011) In recent years the kynurenine family of compounds, metabolites of tryptophan, has become an area of intensive research because of its neuroactive properties. Two metabolites of this family have become of interest in relation to migraine and pain processing.E... |
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Inhibition of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase activity by levo-1-methyl tryptophan blocks gamma interferon-induced Chlamydia trachomatis persistence in human epithelial cells.
Infect. Immun. 79 , 4425-4437, (2011) Gamma interferon (IFN-γ) induces expression of the tryptophan-catabolizing enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO1) in human epithelial cells, the permissive cells for the obligate intracellular bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis. IDO1 depletes tryptophan by ca... |
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Targeting the kynurenine pathway-related alterations in Alzheimer's disease: a future therapeutic strategy.
J. Alzheimers Dis. 24 , 199-209, (2011) Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disorder associated with dementia as a main feature. Despite decades of thorough research in the field of AD, the pathomechanism is still not fully understood. The development of novel experimental model... |
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KynR, a Lrp/AsnC-type transcriptional regulator, directly controls the kynurenine pathway in Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
J. Bacteriol. 193(23) , 6567-75, (2011) The opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa can utilize a variety of carbon sources and produces many secondary metabolites to help survive harsh environments. P. aeruginosa is part of a small group of bacteria that use the kynurenine pathway to catabol... |