1772-03-8

• 常用中文名：D-氨基半乳糖盐酸盐
• 常用英文名：D-(+)-Galactosamine hydrochloride
• CAS号：1772-03-8
• 分子式：C₆H₁₄ClNO₅
• 分子量：215.63
• 相关类别： 生物化工 糖类化合物 单糖
• 发布时间：2018-05-12 08:00:00
• 更新时间：2024-01-02 17:51:26
• D(+)-半乳糖胺(D-半乳糖胺)盐酸盐是一种已确定的实验毒素,主要通过产生自由基和消耗UTP核苷酸引起肝损伤。D(+)-半乳糖胺盐酸盐中毒也会导致肾功能不全,因此,肾功能衰竭通常和终末期肝损伤有关。脂多糖/D(+)-半乳糖胺诱导的急性肝损伤是一种已知的暴发性肝衰竭动物模型[1][2]。

名称

• 中文名: 2-氨基-2-脱氧-D-半乳糖盐酸盐
• 英文名: D(+)-Galactosamine hydrochloride
• 中文别名: D-(+)-氨基半乳糖盐酸盐; D-氨基半乳糖盐酸盐; D-半乳糖胺盐酸盐; D-(+)-氨基半乳糖盐酸盐; D-(+)-半乳糖胺盐酸盐; 软骨糖胺盐酸盐; D-(+)-半乳糖胺盐酸盐
• 英文别名: Galactosamine; 2-Amino-2-deoxy-D-galactopyranose hydrochloride D-Chondrosamine hydrochloride; D-GalactosaMine HC1; 2-deoxy-2-amino-D-galactose hydrochloride; α-D-Galactopyranose, 2-amino-2-deoxy-, hydrochloride (1:1); GALACTOSAMINE HCL; 2-aMino-2-deoxy-L-idose; D-GALN HCL; D-(+)-Galactosamine hydrochloride; 2-Amino-2-deoxy-D-galactopyranose hydrochloride,D-Chondrosamine hydrochloride; 2-amino-2-deoxy-D-galactopyranose hydrochloride; Chondrosamine Hydrochloride; 2-Amino-2-deoxy-α-D-galactopyranose hydrochloride (1:1); D-GALACTOSAMINE HCL; CHONDROSAMINE; EINECS 217-198-1; MFCD00135830; (2R,3R,4R,5R)-2-Amino-3,4,5,6-tetrahydroxyhexanal hydrochloride; D-CHONDROSAMINE HCL; GALACTOSAMINE HCL,D; N-Acetylgalactosamine hydrochloride

物化性质

• 沸点: 532.5ºC at 760 mmHg
• 熔点: 182-185 °C (dec.)(lit.)
• 分子式: C₆H₁₄ClNO₅
• 分子量: 215.63
• 闪点: 275.8ºC
• 精确质量: 215.056046
• PSA: 116.17000
• 外观性状: 白色粉末
• 蒸汽压: 5.53E-10mmHg at 25°C
• 折射率: 96 ° (C=1, H2O)
• 储存条件:

  2 ºC -8 ºC条件下密封贮藏，贮存在阴凉、干燥的地方；

  避免接触湿气、水源；远离氧化剂

• 稳定性:

  常压稳定；对湿气敏感；可与氧化物发生反应

• 水溶解性: SOLUBLE
• 计算化学:

  1、 疏水参数计算参考值（XlogP）：

  2、 氢键供体数量：6

  3、 氢键受体数量：6

  4、 可旋转化学键数量：1

  5、 互变异构体数量：

  6、 拓扑分子极性表面积（TPSA）：116

  7、 重原子数量：13

  8、 表面电荷：0

  9、 复杂度：155

  10、同位素原子数量： 0

  11、确定原子立构中心数量：4

  12、不确定原子立构中心数量：1

  13、确定化学键立构中心数量：0

  14、不确定化学键立构中心数量：0

  15、共价键单元数量：2

• 更多:

  1. 性状：白色粉末

  2. 密度（g/mL,20℃）：未确定

  3. 相对蒸汽密度（g/mL,空气=1）：未确定

  4. 熔点（ºC）：183

  5. 沸点（ºC,常压 ）：未确定

  6. 沸点（ºC,5.2kPa）：未确定

  7. 折射率：96 ° (C=1, H2O)

  8. 闪点（ºC）：未确定

  9. 比旋光度（º）：96 º (589nm c=1,H2O,24 hrs)

  10. 自燃点或引燃温度（ºC）：未确定

  11. 蒸气压（kPa,25ºC）： 未确定

  12. 饱和蒸气压（kPa,60ºC）未确定：

  13. 燃烧热（KJ/mol）：未确定

  14. 临界温度（ºC）：未确定

  15. 临界压力（KPa）：未确定

  16. 油水（辛醇/水）分配系数的对数值：未确定

  17. 爆炸上限（%,V/V）：未确定

  18. 爆炸下限（%,V/V）：未确定

  19. 溶解性：对水可溶

生物活性

• 描述: D(+)-半乳糖胺(D-半乳糖胺)盐酸盐是一种已确定的实验毒素,主要通过产生自由基和消耗UTP核苷酸引起肝损伤。D(+)-半乳糖胺盐酸盐中毒也会导致肾功能不全,因此,肾功能衰竭通常和终末期肝损伤有关。脂多糖/D(+)-半乳糖胺诱导的急性肝损伤是一种已知的暴发性肝衰竭动物模型[1][2]。
• 相关类别:
  研究领域 >> 炎症/免疫
• 参考文献:

  [1]. Ayhanci A, et al. Protective effects of ellagic acid in D-galactosamine-induced kidney damage in rats. Cytotechnology. 2016;68(5):1763-1770.

  [2]. Okumura A, et al. Alleviation of lipopolysaccharide/d-galactosamine-induced liver injury in leukocyte cell-derived chemotaxin 2 deficient mice. Biochem Biophys Rep. 2017;12:166-171. Published 2017 Oct 13.

MSDS

Name: d-(+)-Galactosamine Hydrochloride 99% Material Safety Data Sheet Synonym: Chondrosamine hydrochloride; 2-Amino-2-deoxy-D-galactose hydrochlorid CAS: 1772-03-8 Section 1 - Chemical Product MSDS Name:d-(+)-Galactosamine Hydrochloride 99% Material Safety Data Sheet Synonym:Chondrosamine hydrochloride; 2-Amino-2-deoxy-D-galactose hydrochlorid Section 2 - COMPOSITION, INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS CAS# Chemical Name content EINECS# 1772-03-8 D-(+)-Galactosamine hydrochloride 99 217-198-1 Hazard Symbols: None Listed. Risk Phrases: None Listed. Section 3 - HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION EMERGENCY OVERVIEW The toxicological properties of this material have not been fully investigated. Potential Health Effects Eye: May cause eye irritation. Skin: May cause skin irritation. Ingestion: May cause irritation of the digestive tract. Inhalation: May cause respiratory tract irritation. Chronic: No information found. Section 4 - FIRST AID MEASURES Eyes: Immediately flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, occasionally lifting the upper and lower eyelids. Get medical aid immediately. Skin: Get medical aid. Immediately flush skin with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes while removing contaminated clothing and shoes. Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting. If victim is conscious and alert, give 2-4 cupfuls of milk or water. Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Get medical aid immediately. Inhalation: Remove from exposure and move to fresh air immediately. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. Get medical aid. Notes to Physician: Section 5 - FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES General Information: As in any fire, wear a self-contained breathing apparatus in pressure-demand, MSHA/NIOSH (approved or equivalent), and full protective gear. During a fire, irritating and highly toxic gases may be generated by thermal decomposition or combustion. Extinguishing Media: Use water spray, dry chemical, carbon dioxide, or alcohol-resistant foam. Section 6 - ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES General Information: Use proper personal protective equipment as indicated in Section 8. Spills/Leaks: Clean up spills immediately, observing precautions in the Protective Equipment section. Sweep up, then place into a suitable container for disposal. Avoid generating dusty conditions. Provide ventilation. Section 7 - HANDLING and STORAGE Handling: Wash thoroughly after handling. Use with adequate ventilation. Minimize dust generation and accumulation. Avoid contact with skin and eyes. Avoid ingestion and inhalation. Storage: Store in a cool, dry place. Keep container closed when not in use. Section 8 - EXPOSURE CONTROLS, PERSONAL PROTECTION Engineering Controls: Facilities storing or utilizing this material should be equipped with an eyewash facility and a safety shower. Use adequate ventilation to keep airborne concentrations low. Exposure Limits CAS# 1772-03-8: Personal Protective Equipment Eyes: Wear appropriate protective eyeglasses or chemical safety goggles as described by OSHA's eye and face protection regulations in 29 CFR 1910.133 or European Standard EN166. Skin: Wear appropriate gloves to prevent skin exposure. Clothing: Wear appropriate protective clothing to prevent skin exposure. Respirators: Follow the OSHA respirator regulations found in 29 CFR 1910.134 or European Standard EN 149. Use a NIOSH/MSHA or European Standard EN 149 approved respirator if exposure limits are exceeded or if irritation or other symptoms are experienced. Section 9 - PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES Physical State: Powder Color: white Odor: None reported. pH: Not available. Vapor Pressure: Not available. Viscosity: Not available. Boiling Point: Not available. Freezing/Melting Point: 178 - 190 deg C (dec.) Autoignition Temperature: Not applicable. Flash Point: Not applicable. Explosion Limits, lower: Not available. Explosion Limits, upper: Not available. Decomposition Temperature: > 190 deg C Solubility in water: soluble in water Specific Gravity/Density: Molecular Formula: C6H13NO5.HCl Molecular Weight: 215.64 Section 10 - STABILITY AND REACTIVITY Chemical Stability: Stable under normal temperatures and pressures. Conditions to Avoid: Incompatible materials, dust generation, excess heat. Incompatibilities with Other Materials: Strong oxidizing agents. Hazardous Decomposition Products: Nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, irritating and toxic fumes and gases, carbon dioxide, chloride fumes. Hazardous Polymerization: Has not been reported. Section 11 - TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION RTECS#: CAS# 1772-03-8: LW5500000 LD50/LC50: Not available. Carcinogenicity: D-(+)-Galactosamine hydrochloride - Not listed by ACGIH, IARC, or NTP. Other: See actual entry in RTECS for complete information. Section 12 - ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION Section 13 - DISPOSAL CONSIDERATIONS Dispose of in a manner consistent with federal, state, and local regulations. Section 14 - TRANSPORT INFORMATION IATA Not regulated as a hazardous material. IMO Not regulated as a hazardous material. RID/ADR Not regulated as a hazardous material. Section 15 - REGULATORY INFORMATION European/International Regulations European Labeling in Accordance with EC Directives Hazard Symbols: Not available. Risk Phrases: Safety Phrases: S 24/25 Avoid contact with skin and eyes. S 26 In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. S 36/37/39 Wear suitable protective clothing, gloves and eye/face protection. WGK (Water Danger/Protection) CAS# 1772-03-8: No information available. Canada CAS# 1772-03-8 is listed on Canada's NDSL List. CAS# 1772-03-8 is not listed on Canada's Ingredient Disclosure List. US FEDERAL TSCA CAS# 1772-03-8 is listed on the TSCA inventory. SECTION 16 - ADDITIONAL INFORMATION N/A

毒性和生态

毒理学数据: 1、 急性毒性：大鼠经腹腔LD50：2660mg/kg； 2、 慢性毒性/致癌性 大鼠试验：大鼠腹腔TDLo：135mg/kg。 3、 致突变性 大鼠试验：微生物突变测试系统，21500μg/kg。 生态学数据: 对水是稍微危害的 不要让未稀释或大量的产品接触地下水、水道和污水系统 若无政府许可，勿将物料排入周围环境

安全

• 个人防护装备: Eyeshields;Gloves;type N95 (US);type P1 (EN143) respirator filter
• 危害码 (欧洲): Xi
• 风险声明 (欧洲): R36/37/38
• 安全声明 (欧洲): S24/25
• 危险品运输编码: NONH for all modes of transport
• WGK德国: 3
• RTECS号: LW5500000
• 海关编码: 2922399090

合成路线

41847-61-4 ~% 1772-03-8

文献：Journal of Carbohydrate Chemistry, , vol. 25, # 1 p. 33 - 41

887472-18-6 ~% 1772-03-8

文献：Journal of Carbohydrate Chemistry, , vol. 25, # 1 p. 33 - 41

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海关

海关编码	2922399090
中文概述	2922399090 其他氨基醛、氨基酮及其盐（包括氨基醌及其盐，但含有一种以上含氧基的除外）. 增值税率:17.0% 退税率:9.0% 监管条件:无 最惠国关税:6.5% 普通关税:30.0%
申报要素	品名, 成分含量, 用途, 乙醇胺及其盐应报明色度, 乙醇胺及其盐应报明包装
Summary	2922399090 other amino-aldehydes, amino-ketones and amino-quinones, other than those containing more than one kind of oxygen function; salts thereof VAT:17.0% Tax rebate rate:9.0% Supervision conditions:none MFN tariff:6.5% General tariff:30.0%