60-51-5

• 常用中文名：乐果
• 常用英文名：Dimethoate
• CAS号：60-51-5
• 分子式：C₅H₁₂NO₃PS₂
• 分子量：229.257
• 相关类别： 化学农药原药 杀虫剂 有机磷杀虫剂
• 发布时间：2018-02-04 08:00:00
• 更新时间：2024-01-01 17:39:12
• Dimethoate 是一种有效的植物系统杀虫剂,在防治家畜蛴螬和某些其他害虫方面显示出良好的前景,对家蝇和许多其他昆虫具有高度的接触毒性。

名称

• 中文名: 乐果
• 英文名: dimethoate
• 中文别名: 磷乙酰甲胺; O,O-二甲基S(N-甲基氨基甲酰甲基)二硫代磷酸酯; O,O-二甲基-S-(甲基氨基甲酰甲基)二硫代磷酸酯
• 英文别名: O,O-Dimethyl phosphorodithioate S-ester with 2-mercapto-N-methylacetamide (8CI); L 395; O,O-Dimethyl S-(N-Methylcarbamoylmethyl) Phosphorodithioate; O,O-dimethyl S-methylcarbamoylmethyl phosphorodithioate; CHAMP; O,O-Dimethyl S-(N-methylcarbamoylmethyl) dithiophosphate; Phosphorodithioic acid, O,O-dimethyl S-[2-(methylamino)-2-oxoethyl] ester; O,O-dimethyl S-[2-(methylamino)-2-oxoethyl] dithiophosphate; 1OPS&O1&S1VM1; phosphamide; Aadimethoal; O,O-Dimethyl S-((methylcarbamoyl)methyl)phosphorodithioate; Tara; Dimethoate; Phosphorodithioic Acid O,O-Dimethyl S-[2-(Methylamino)-2-oxoethyl] Ester; Phosphorodithioic Acid O,O-Dimethyl Ester Ester with 2-Mercapto-N-methylacetamide; BI 58; O,O-Dimethyl methylcarbamoylmethyl phosphorodithioate; ROGOR; CYGON; O,O-dimethyl S-(2-(methylamino)-2-oxoethyl) phosphorodithioate; FIP; MFCD00053676; O,O-Dimethyl S-(N-methylcarbamylmethyl) thiothionophosphate; Dithiophosphate de S-[2-(méthylamino)-2-oxoéthyle] et de O,O-diméthyle; O,O-dimethyl S-methylcarbamoylmethylphosphorodithioate; Lurgo; O,O-Dimethyl S-methylcarbomoylmethyl phosphorodithioate; O,O-Dimethyl-S-(N-monomethyl)-carbamyl methyl dithiophosphate; EINECS 200-480-3; O,O-Dimethyl S-[2-(methylamino)-2-oxoethyl] phosphorodithioate; oms94; 2-dimethoxyphosphinothioylthio-N-methylacetamide

物化性质

• 密度: 1.4±0.1 g/cm3
• 沸点: 310.3±52.0 °C at 760 mmHg
• 熔点: 52-52.5°C
• 分子式: C₅H₁₂NO₃PS₂
• 分子量: 229.257
• 闪点: 141.4±30.7 °C
• 精确质量: 228.999619
• PSA: 114.76000
• LogP: 1.32
• 外观性状: 白色结晶固体
• 蒸汽压: 0.0±1.5 mmHg at 25°C
• 折射率: 1.548
• 储存条件:

  储存注意事项 储存于阴凉、通风的库房。远离火种、热源。包装密封。应与氧化剂、碱类、食用化学品分开存放，切忌混储。配备相应品种和数量的消防器材。储区应备有合适的材料收容泄漏物。

• 稳定性:

  1.稳定性 稳定

  2.禁配物 强氧化剂、碱类

  3.避免接触的条件 受热

  4.聚合危害 不聚合

  5.分解产物 氧化硫、氮氧化物、氧化磷

• 水溶解性: Slightly soluble. 2.5 g/100 mL
• 分子结构:

  1、摩尔折射率：54.45

  2、摩尔体积（cm³/mol）：175.7

  3、等张比容（90.2K）：467.6

  4、表面张力（dyne/cm）：50.1

  5、极化率（10^-24cm³）：21.58

• 计算化学:

  1.疏水参数计算参考值（XlogP）:无

  2.氢键供体数量:1

  3.氢键受体数量:5

  4.可旋转化学键数量:5

  5.互变异构体数量:2

  6.拓扑分子极性表面积105

  7.重原子数量:12

  8.表面电荷:0

  9.复杂度:191

  10.同位素原子数量:0

  11.确定原子立构中心数量:0

  12.不确定原子立构中心数量:0

  13.确定化学键立构中心数量:0

  14.不确定化学键立构中心数量:0

  15.共价键单元数量:1

• 更多:

  1.性状：白色结晶，有樟脑气味，工业品通常是浅黄棕色的乳剂。

  2.熔点（℃）：51~52

  3.沸点（℃）：117（0.013kPa）

  4.相对密度（水=1）：1.28

  5.辛醇/水分配系数：0.78

  6.闪点（℃）：107（CC）

  7.溶解性：微溶于水，溶于乙醇、氯仿、苯、酮类等。

生物活性

• 描述: Dimethoate 是一种有效的植物系统杀虫剂,在防治家畜蛴螬和某些其他害虫方面显示出良好的前景,对家蝇和许多其他昆虫具有高度的接触毒性。
• 相关类别:
  研究领域 >> 其他
  信号通路 >> 其他 >> 其他
• 参考文献:

  [1]. CASIDA JE, et al. Toxic hazard from formulating the insecticide dimethoate in methyl 'Cellosolve'. Nature. 1961;189:507-508.

MSDS

国标编号: 61874 ＣＡＳ: 60-51-5 中文名称: 乐果 英文名称: Rogor 别 名: dimethoate；乐戈；O,O-二甲基-S-(N-甲基氨基甲酰甲基)二硫代磷酸酯 分子式: C5H12NO3PS2 分子量: 229.12 熔 点: 51～52℃ 沸点：86℃/ 密 度: 1.281 蒸汽压: 130～132℃(工业品) 溶解性: 微溶于水，可溶于大多数有机溶剂，如醇类、酮类、醚类 稳定性: 在水溶液中稳定，但遇碱液时，容易水解，加热转化甲? 外观与性状: 无色结晶，具有樟脑气味，工业品通常是浅黄棕色的乳剂 危险标记: 14(有毒品) 用 途: 对昆虫既有触杀作用，又有良好的内吸作用。杀虫效果高，广谱，主要用于棉花、果树、蔬菜及其他作物，防治多种蚜虫、红蜘蛛、叶跳甲、潜叶蝇、叶蜂、介壳虫及水稻螟虫等 2.对环境的影响: 一、健康危害 侵入途径：吸入、食入、经皮吸收。 健康危害：抑制体内胆碱酯酶，造成神经生理功能紊乱。大量误服出现典型急性有机磷中毒症状。中毒表现有头痛、头昏、乏力、食欲减退、恶心、呕吐、腹痛、腹泻、流涎、瞳孔缩小、呼吸道分泌物增多、多汗、肌束震颤等。重症出现肺水肿、昏迷、呼吸麻痹、脑水肿。血胆碱酯酶活性降低。本品毒性较低，不易经皮分入，职业中毒不多见。喷洒果树引起的急性中毒多属轻度。 大量误服出现典型急性有机磷中毒症状。表现为头昏、头痛、乏力、恶必、腹泻、流涎等。 二、毒理学资料及环境行为 毒性：属低毒类。 急性毒性：LD5060mg/kg(大鼠经口)；750mg/kg(兔经皮) ；人经口30mg/kg，致死剂量。 水生生物忍度限量(48小时)：鲤鱼为40ppm以上 动物经口进入体内，在胆碱酯酶活性受抑制之前中毒症状尚未出现时，能出现麻醉，而在胆碱酶出现抑制时，麻醉养成便恢复。有人认为麻醉作用可能是由于大剂量乐果本身所致。而胆碱酯酶的抑制和死亡可能是氧化乐果所致辞。 代谢和降解：乐果在环境中很容易分解。在潮湿的空气中能很快地发生光化学分解，生成水解和氧化产物。据原苏联提供的资料，在普通土壤中，乐果14天的分解率为77%。 残留与蓄积：乐果能较快地被土壤中的微生物分解，作为碳、氮和磷的来源。乐果的半衰期为122天，但在土壤中的残留仅4天。 迁移转化：由于乐果具有较高的挥发性，很容易挥发进入大气。 危险特性：遇明火、高热可燃。与强氧化剂可发生反庆。受热分解，放出磷、硫的氧化物等毒性气体。 燃烧(分解)产物：一氧化碳、氧化硫、氧化氮、氧化磷。 3.现场应急监测方法: 植物酯酶法和底物法《环境化学》19卷2期第187～189页韩承辉等 直接进水样气相色谱法 4.实验室监测方法: 气相色谱法(GB13192-91)(水质) 气相色谱法(GB/T5009.20-1996，食品) 盐酸萘乙二胺比色法《空气中有害物质的测定方法》(第二版)，杭士平主编 5.环境标准: 中国(TJ36-79) 车间空气中有害物质最高容许浓度 1mg/m3 前苏联(1975) 居民区大气中最高容许浓度 0.005mg/m3(一次值；日均值) 前苏联(1978) 环境空气中最高容许浓度 0.003mg/m3(一次值；日均值) 中国(GB11607-89) 渔业水质标准 0.1mg/L 中国(GHZB1-1999) 地表水环境质量标准(I、II、III类水域) 0.0001mg/L 中国(待颁布) 饮用水源水中有害物质的最高容许浓度 0.08mg/L 中国(GB8978-1996) 污水综合排放标准 一级：不得检出 二级：1.0mg/L 三级：2.0mg/L 中国(GB5127-85) 食品中有机磷农药的允许标准 1.0mg/kg(蔬菜、水果) 6.应急处理处置方法: 在食用作物上施药后7天方可采收食用；梅、杏树易产生药害不可使用；避免皮肤接触。 一、泄漏应急措施 疏散泄漏污染区人员至安全区，禁止无关人员进入污染区，建议应急处理人员戴自给式呼吸器，穿化学防护服。不要直接接触泄漏物，用砂土或其它不燃材料吸附或吸收。收集运至废物处理场所处置。也可大量水冲洗，洗水稀释后放入废水系统。大量泄漏收集回收或运至废物处理场所处置。 二、防护措施 呼吸系统防护：生产操作或农业使用时，佩戴防毒口罩。紧急事态抢救或逃生时，应该佩带自给式呼吸器。 眼睛防护：戴安全防护眼镜。 防护服：穿相应的防护服。 手防护：戴防护手套。 其它：工作现场禁止吸烟、进食和饮水。工作后，淋浴更衣。单独存放被毒物污染的衣服，洗后再用。注意个人清洁卫生。 三、急救措施 皮肤接触：立即脱去污染的衣着，用肥皂水及清水彻底冲洗污染的皮肤、头发、指甲等。就医。 眼睛接触：立即提起眼睑，用流动清水冲洗10分钟或用2%碳酸氢钠溶液冲洗。就医。 吸入：迅速脱离现场至空气新鲜处。呼吸困难时给输氧。呼吸停止时，立即进行人工呼吸。就医。 食入：误服者给饮大量温水，催吐，可用温水或1：5000高锰酸钾液彻底洗胃。或用2%碳酸氢钠反复洗胃。就医。 灭火方法：消防人员须佩戴防毒面具。灭火剂：抗溶性泡沫、干粉、砂土。

毒性和生态

毒理学数据: 1.纯品对大鼠急性经日LD50为500 ~ 600mg/kg，工业品为320 ~ 380mg /kg ( 94 %} ~ 96 %} )。大鼠急性经皮LD50为650mg /kg。雄野鸭急性经日LD50为15mg/kg,雌鸭为40mg/kg }30mg/kg)。鲤鱼L(二为40mg/L }48h)。蜜蜂LD50为0. 09pg/只。 2.急性毒性 LD50：60mg/kg（大鼠经口）；750mg/kg（兔经皮） 3.刺激性 暂无资料 4.致突变性 微生物致突变：鼠伤寒沙门菌5μg/皿。姐妹染色单体交换：人类淋巴细胞2mg/kg。微核试验：小鼠经口103mg/kg（24h）。程序外DNA合成：人成纤维细胞100μmol/L。 5.致畸性大鼠孕后6~15d经口给予最低中毒剂量（TDLo）120mg/kg，致肌肉骨骼系统发育畸形。 6.其他大鼠经口最低中毒剂量（TDLo）：120mg/kg（孕6~15d），致肌肉骨骼系统发育异常。大鼠经口最低中毒剂量（TDLo）：256mg/kg/周（间歇），致癌，肝肿瘤，血液系统肿瘤。 生态学数据: 1.生态毒性LC50：6.2mg/L（96h）（虹鳟鱼，静态）；6mg/L（96h）（蓝鳃太阳鱼，静态）；2.5mg/L（48h）（水蚤） 2.生物降解性 好氧生物降解（h）：264~1344 厌氧生物降解（h）：1056~5376 3.非生物降解性 空气中光氧化半衰期（h）：0.469~4.69 一级水解半衰期（h）：2822 CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION RTECS NUMBER : TE1750000 CHEMICAL NAME : Phosphorodithioic acid, O,O-dimethyl ester, S-ester with 2-mercapto-N-methylacetamide CAS REGISTRY NUMBER : 60-51-5 BEILSTEIN REFERENCE NO. : 1785339 LAST UPDATED : 199710 DATA ITEMS CITED : 96 MOLECULAR FORMULA : C5-H12-N-O3-P-S2 MOLECULAR WEIGHT : 229.27 WISWESSER LINE NOTATION : 1OPS&O1&S1VM1 HEALTH HAZARD DATA ACUTE TOXICITY DATA TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral SPECIES OBSERVED : Human - man DOSE/DURATION : 286 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Peripheral Nerve and Sensation - fasciculations Behavioral - coma Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral SPECIES OBSERVED : Human DOSE/DURATION : 30 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral SPECIES OBSERVED : Human - man DOSE/DURATION : 300 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Behavioral - coma Cardiac - pulse rate Vascular - BP lowering not characterized in autonomic section TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral SPECIES OBSERVED : Human - man DOSE/DURATION : 357 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Brain and Coverings - other degenerative changes Cardiac - cardiomyopathy including infarction Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - changes in tubules (including acute renal failure, acute tubular necrosis) TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat DOSE/DURATION : 60 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Administration onto the skin SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat DOSE/DURATION : 353 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat DOSE/DURATION : 100 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - lacrimation Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea Gastrointestinal - changes in structure or function of salivary glands TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Subcutaneous SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat DOSE/DURATION : 350 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - lacrimation Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea Gastrointestinal - changes in structure or function of salivary glands TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intravenous SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat DOSE/DURATION : 450 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - lacrimation Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea Gastrointestinal - changes in structure or function of salivary glands TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Unreported SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat DOSE/DURATION : 215 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse DOSE/DURATION : 60 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - lacrimation Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea Gastrointestinal - changes in structure or function of salivary glands TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Administration onto the skin SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse DOSE/DURATION : 1 gm/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse DOSE/DURATION : 45 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - lacrimation Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea Gastrointestinal - changes in structure or function of salivary glands TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Subcutaneous SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - mouse DOSE/DURATION : 60 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - lacrimation Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea Gastrointestinal - changes in structure or function of salivary glands TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral SPECIES OBSERVED : Mammal - dog DOSE/DURATION : 400 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral SPECIES OBSERVED : Mammal - cat DOSE/DURATION : 100 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Behavioral - excitement TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rabbit DOSE/DURATION : 300 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Administration onto the skin SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rabbit DOSE/DURATION : 1 gm/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Behavioral - excitement TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - guinea pig DOSE/DURATION : 350 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Administration onto the skin SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - guinea pig DOSE/DURATION : 965 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value TYPE OF TEST : LD10 - Lethal Dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - guinea pig DOSE/DURATION : 390 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - hamster DOSE/DURATION : 200 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - lacrimation Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea Gastrointestinal - changes in structure or function of salivary glands TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - hamster DOSE/DURATION : 160 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Subcutaneous SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - hamster DOSE/DURATION : 60 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - lacrimation Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea Gastrointestinal - changes in structure or function of salivary glands TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral SPECIES OBSERVED : Bird - chicken DOSE/DURATION : 25 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - true cholinesterase TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral SPECIES OBSERVED : Bird - quail DOSE/DURATION : 25 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral SPECIES OBSERVED : Bird - duck DOSE/DURATION : 42 mg/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value TYPE OF TEST : LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral SPECIES OBSERVED : Bird - wild bird species DOSE/DURATION : 6600 ug/kg TOXIC EFFECTS : Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat DOSE/DURATION : 630 mg/kg/28D-I TOXIC EFFECTS : Blood - changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - multiple enzyme effects TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat DOSE/DURATION : 1092 mg/kg/52W-C TOXIC EFFECTS : Blood - other changes Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - true cholinesterase TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat DOSE/DURATION : 300 mg/kg/6W-I TOXIC EFFECTS : Brain and Coverings - changes in surface EEG Peripheral Nerve and Sensation - recording from peripheral motor nerve Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - true cholinesterase TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat DOSE/DURATION : 3330 mg/kg/90D-C TOXIC EFFECTS : Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - effect, not otherwise specified Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - true cholinesterase TYPE OF TEST : TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Inhalation SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat DOSE/DURATION : 4500 ug/m3/13W-I TOXIC EFFECTS : Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - other changes in urine composition Blood - changes in leukocyte (WBC) count Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - true cholinesterase TYPE OF TEST : TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Inhalation SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat DOSE/DURATION : 257 ug/m3/24H/15W-I TOXIC EFFECTS : Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - other changes in urine composition Blood - changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - true cholinesterase TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat DOSE/DURATION : 3852 mg/kg/26W-I TOXIC EFFECTS : Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - structural or functional change in trachea or bronchi Liver - fatty liver degeneration Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - changes in both tubules and glomeruli TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral SPECIES OBSERVED : Mammal - dog DOSE/DURATION : 3937 mg/kg/90D-C TOXIC EFFECTS : Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - true cholinesterase TYPE OF TEST : TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Inhalation SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - guinea pig DOSE/DURATION : 4500 ug/m3/8H/13W-I TOXIC EFFECTS : Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - other changes in urine composition Blood - changes in leukocyte (WBC) count Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - true cholinesterase TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral SPECIES OBSERVED : Bird - chicken DOSE/DURATION : 56 mg/kg/4W-I TOXIC EFFECTS : Liver - other changes Endocrine - other changes Blood - changes in serum composition (e.g. TP, bilirubin, cholesterol) TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat DOSE/DURATION : 256 mg/kg/4W-I TOXIC EFFECTS : Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Liver - tumors Blood - tumors TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intramuscular SPECIES OBSERVED : Rodent - rat DOSE/DURATION : 176 mg/kg/6W-I TOXIC EFFECTS : Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Liver - tumors Blood - tumors TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral DOSE : 120 mg/kg SEX/DURATION : female 6-15 day(s) after conception TOXIC EFFECTS : Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral DOSE : 113 mg/kg SEX/DURATION : female 6-20 day(s) after conception TOXIC EFFECTS : Reproductive - Maternal Effects - other effects Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - other effects to embryo TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral DOSE : 1050 mg/kg SEX/DURATION : multigenerations TOXIC EFFECTS : Reproductive - Fertility - female fertility index (e.g. # females pregnant per # sperm positive females; # females pregnant per # females mated) Reproductive - Fertility - other measures of fertility Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - weaning or lactation index (e.g., # alive at weaning per # alive at day 4) TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral DOSE : 220 mg/kg SEX/DURATION : female 6-16 day(s) after conception TOXIC EFFECTS : Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral DOSE : 440 mg/kg SEX/DURATION : female 6-16 day(s) after conception TOXIC EFFECTS : Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Intraperitoneal DOSE : 40 mg/kg SEX/DURATION : female 1 day(s) after conception TOXIC EFFECTS : Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetal death TYPE OF TEST : TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose ROUTE OF EXPOSURE : Oral DOSE : 108 mg/kg SEX/DURATION : female 14-22 day(s) after conception TOXIC EFFECTS : Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system TYPE OF TEST : Specific locus test TYPE OF TEST : Sex chromosome loss and nondisjunction TYPE OF TEST : Sex chromosome loss and nondisjunction TYPE OF TEST : Micronucleus test TYPE OF TEST : Cytogenetic analysis TYPE OF TEST : Micronucleus test TYPE OF TEST : Unscheduled DNA synthesis TYPE OF TEST : Mutation test systems - not otherwise specified TYPE OF TEST : Cytogenetic analysis TYPE OF TEST : Cytogenetic analysis TYPE OF TEST : Cytogenetic analysis TYPE OF TEST : Cytogenetic analysis MUTATION DATA TYPE OF TEST : Sister chromatid exchange TEST SYSTEM : Rodent - hamster Lung DOSE/DURATION : 20 mg/L REFERENCE : ENMUDM Environmental Mutagenesis. (New York, NY) V.1-9, 1979-87. For publisher information, see EMMUEG. Volume(issue)/page/year: 4,621,1982 *** REVIEWS *** TOXICOLOGY REVIEW AQMOAC Air Quality Monographs. (Washington, DC) No.69-1 - No.75-25, 1969-75(?). Discontinued. Volume(issue)/page/year: #73-19,1973 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW RREVAH Residue Reviews. (Springer-Verlag New York, Inc., Service Center, 44 Hartz Way, Secaucus, NJ 07094) V.1- 1962- Volume(issue)/page/year: 46,1,1973 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW MZUZA8 Meditsinskii Zhurnal Uzbekistana. (V/O Mezhdunarodnaya Kniga, 113095 Moscow, USSR) No.1- 1957- Volume(issue)/page/year: (8),90,1973 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW DTTIAF Deutsche Tieraerztliche Wochenschrift. (Hanover, Fed. Rep. Ger.) V.1-77, 1893-1970. Volume(issue)/page/year: 80,485,1973 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW RREVAH Residue Reviews. (Springer-Verlag New York, Inc., Service Center, 44 Hartz Way, Secaucus, NJ 07094) V.1- 1962- Volume(issue)/page/year: 63,1,1976 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW ENVRAL Environmental Research. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E. First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1967- Volume(issue)/page/year: 34,193,1984 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW NULSAK Nucleus (Calcutta). (Dr. A.K. Sharma, Centre of Advanced Studies in Cell and Chromosome Research, Calcutta, 35 Baliygunge Circular Rd., Calcutta 700 019, India) V.1- 1958- Volume(issue)/page/year: 28,243,1985 *** U.S. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS *** EPA FIFRA 1988 PESTICIDE SUBJECT TO REGISTRATION OR RE-REGISTRATION FEREAC Federal Register. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) V.1- 1936- Volume(issue)/page/year: 54,7740,1989 *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - 84534 No. of Facilities: 30 (estimated) No. of Industries: 2 No. of Occupations: 2 No. of Employees: 90 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - 84534 No. of Facilities: 54 (estimated) No. of Industries: 1 No. of Occupations: 1 No. of Employees: 1665 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 107 (estimated)

安全

• 符号: GHS07
• 信号词: Warning
• 危害声明: H302-H312
• 警示性声明: P280
• 个人防护装备: dust mask type N95 (US);Eyeshields;Faceshields;Gloves
• 危害码 (欧洲): Xn:Harmful
• 风险声明 (欧洲): R21/22
• 安全声明 (欧洲): S2-S36/37-S24/25-S23-S53-S26
• 危险品运输编码: UN 2783
• RTECS号: TE1750000
• 包装等级: III
• 危险类别: 6.1(b)
• 海关编码: 2930909063

合成路线

74-89-5 ~% 60-51-5

文献：Die Entwicklung neuer insektizider Phosphorsaeure-Ester, 3. Aufl. S. 117,122 DE1076662 , ;

96-30-0 16001-68-6 ~% 60-51-5

文献：GB791824 , ;

34680-81-4 16001-68-6 ~% 60-51-5

文献：Die Entwicklung neuer insektizider Phosphorsaeure-Ester, 3. Aufl. S. 117,122

757-86-8 74-89-5 ~% 60-51-5 16284-76-7 详细

文献：Journal fuer Praktische Chemie (Leipzig), , vol. 330, # 6 p. 911 - 918

757-86-8 74-89-5 ~% 67-56-1 60-51-5 详细

文献：Zeitschrift fuer Chemie (Stuttgart, Germany), , vol. 29, # 2 p. 52 - 56

上下游产品

上游产品  5
74-89-5 96-30-0 16001-68-6 34680-81-4
757-86-8
下游产品  5
1112-38-5 20938-74-3 3268-87-9 1113-02-6
63124-33-4

制备

1.工业上生产乐果的方法主要有氯乙酰甲胺法、后胺解法。后一种方法是在氯乙酰甲胺法之后发展起来的，此法副反应少，产品纯度可达90%以上，粗品收率90%左右。

2.O,O一二甲基二硫代磷酸(简称甲基硫化物)的制备通常采用P2S5与CH3OH作用，甲醉适当过量，反应温度55-60 ℃，为强放热反应，操作时要特别注意安全。反应过程较复杂，同时发生一系列副反应。O,O一二甲基二硫代磷酸的收率和含量75 %-80 %采用适当催化剂，在(55士2)℃反应，收率和含量可达90℃左右。

3.O,O一二甲基一5-(乙酸甲酷)二硫代磷酸酷的制备O,O一二甲基一S(乙酸甲酷)二硫代磷酸酷由O,O一二甲基二硫代磷酸钠与氯乙酸甲酷作用制得，原料配比为1:1.7，反应温度55℃，若采用连续化生产工艺，预热温度h0一70 ℃，反应温度X80士5)℃。

4.乐果的合成O,O一二甲基一S-(乙酸甲酯)二硫代磷酸a与一甲胺作用，原料配比为1:(1.2-1.3)，反应温度一5一0 ℃反应结束加苯(或二氯乙烯)萃取反应液中乐果，加盐酸调竹pH值为7，加适量水，以促进分层。规格40 %, 50 %, 80 %，乐果乳油;4%，蚕用乐果乳油;3.6%}高渗乐果乳油;2 % , 3% , 10 %，乐果剂;20 %, 50 %，乐果可湿性粉剂;10 %, 50%乐果颗粒剂。

海关

海关编码	2930909063
中文概述	2930909063 乐果、益硫磷、氧乐果等〔包括甲拌磷、乙拌磷、虫螨磷、果虫磷〕 退税率:9.0% 监管条件:S(进出口农药登记证明)
申报要素	品名, 成分含量, 用途
监管条件	S.进出口农药登记证明
Summary	2930909063 o,o-dimethyl s-(2-(methylamino)-2-oxoethyl) phosphorothioate。supervision conditions:s(import or export registration certificate for pesticides)。VAT:17.0%。tax rebate rate:9.0%。MFN tarrif:6.5%。general tariff:30.0%