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柠檬酸钠

柠檬酸钠用途

柠檬酸三钠是一种天然防腐剂和食品酸味增强剂。柠檬酸三钠诱导G2/M期和S期细胞凋亡和细胞周期阻滞。柠檬酸三钠通过降低抗氧化酶活性导致肝脏氧化损伤。柠檬酸三钠对小鼠造成肾毒性[1][2][3]。

柠檬酸钠名称

[ CAS 号 ]:
68-04-2

[ 中文名 ]:
柠檬酸钠

[ 英文名 ]:
Sodium citrate

[中文别名 ]:

[英文别名 ]:

FEMA 3026
trisodium citrate
anhydrous sodium citrate
Na3-citrate
citnatin
citrosodna
citrosodina
MFCD00012462
natrocitral
citric acid trisodium salt

柠檬酸钠生物活性

[ 描述 ]:

[ 相关类别 ]:

信号通路 >> 细胞凋亡 >> 细胞凋亡

研究领域 >> 代谢疾病

[体外研究]

柠檬酸三钠(0-12.5 mM；24 h)具有剂量依赖性的抗增殖活性[3]。柠檬酸三钠(12.5 mM；72 h)以剂量依赖性方式诱导G2/M期和S期细胞凋亡和细胞周期停滞[3]。柠檬酸三钠(12.5 mM；48 h)增加FAS、BAX、BID、AIF、EndoG、细胞色素c、PARP、GADD153、GRP78和caspase-3、-8、-9的表达,并降低BCL-2和BCL-Xl[3]。细胞活力测定[3]细胞系：HaCaT细胞浓度：0、2.5、5、7.5、10、12.5 mM培养时间：24 h结果：以剂量依赖性方式抑制细胞活力。细胞周期分析[3]细胞株：HaCaT细胞浓度：12.5 mM培养时间：0、12、24、48、72 h结果：诱导细胞凋亡,细胞周期阻滞于G2/M期和S期,呈剂量依赖性。Western Blot分析[3]细胞株：HaCaT细胞浓度：12.5 mM培养时间：12、24、48 h结果：FAS、BAX、BID、AIF、EndoG、细胞色素c、PARP、GADD153、GRP78和caspase-3、-8、-9的表达增加,BCL-2和BCL-Xl的表达降低。

[体内研究]

柠檬酸三钠(120、240和480 mg/kg；i.p.)显著降低小鼠肝脏中GSH-Px活性,并诱导MDA(丙二醛)水平升高[1]。柠檬酸三钠(120、240和480 mg/kg；i.p.)通过以剂量依赖性方式增加小鼠肝细胞中caspase-3活性,诱导细胞凋亡[1]。柠檬酸三钠(120、240和480 mg/kg；i.p.；每周,持续3周)对小鼠造成肾毒性[2]。动物模型：20 g雄性昆明小鼠[2]剂量：120、240、480 mg/kg给药：I.p。；结果：随着柠檬酸剂量的增加,治疗组的T-SOD和GSH-Px活性降低,NOS活性趋于升高,H2O2和MDA含量逐渐降低。

[参考文献]

[1]. Chen X, et al. Study on injury effect of food additive citric acid on liver tissue in mice. Cytotechnology. 2014 Mar;66(2):275-82.

[2]. Chen X, Lv Q, Liu Y, Deng W. Effects of the food additive, citric acid, on kidney cells of mice. Biotech Histochem. 2015 Jan;90(1):38-44.

[3]. Ying TH, et al. Citric acid induces cell-cycle arrest and apoptosis of human immortalized keratinocyte cell line (HaCaT) via caspase- and mitochondrial-dependent signaling pathways. Anticancer Res. 2013 Oct;33(10):4411-20.

柠檬酸钠物理化学性质

[ 密度 ]:
1.008 g/mL at 20 °C

[ 熔点 ]:
300°C

[ 分子式 ]:
C₆H₅Na₃O₇

[ 分子量 ]:
258.069

[ 精确质量 ]:
257.972839

[ PSA ]:
140.62000

[ 外观性状 ]:
白色至浅黄色粉末

[ 储存条件 ]:
2-8°C

柠檬酸钠MSDS

详细MSDS(安全技术说明书)

柠檬酸钠毒性和生态

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :: GE8300000

CHEMICAL NAME :: Citric acid, trisodium salt

CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :: 68-04-2

LAST UPDATED :: 199710

DATA ITEMS CITED :: 9

MOLECULAR FORMULA :: C6-H5-O7.3Na

MOLECULAR WEIGHT :: 258.08

WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :: QV1XQVQ1VQ &-NA- 3

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 1548 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - cyanosis Gastrointestinal - changes in structure or function of salivary glands

REFERENCE :: JPETAB Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. (Williams & Wilkins Co., 428 E. Preston St., Baltimore, MD 21202) V.1- 1909/10- Volume(issue)/page/year: 94,65,1948

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 1364 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - cyanosis Gastrointestinal - changes in structure or function of salivary glands

REFERENCE :: JPETAB Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. (Williams & Wilkins Co., 428 E. Preston St., Baltimore, MD 21202) V.1- 1909/10- Volume(issue)/page/year: 94,65,1948

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 170 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - cyanosis Gastrointestinal - changes in structure or function of salivary glands

REFERENCE :: JPETAB Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. (Williams & Wilkins Co., 428 E. Preston St., Baltimore, MD 21202) V.1- 1909/10- Volume(issue)/page/year: 94,65,1948

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :: 449 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - cyanosis Gastrointestinal - changes in structure or function of salivary glands

REFERENCE :: JPETAB Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. (Williams & Wilkins Co., 428 E. Preston St., Baltimore, MD 21202) V.1- 1909/10- Volume(issue)/page/year: 94,65,1948 *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - 68905 No. of Facilities: 38675 (estimated) No. of Industries: 165 No. of Occupations: 97 No. of Employees: 200416 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - E0257 No. of Facilities: 403 (estimated) No. of Industries: 1 No. of Occupations: 5 No. of Employees: 4029 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 2015 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - 68905 No. of Facilities: 13473 (estimated) No. of Industries: 96 No. of Occupations: 105 No. of Employees: 301805 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 163142 (estimated)

柠檬酸钠安全信息

[ 个人防护装备 ]:
Eyeshields;Gloves;type N95 (US);type P1 (EN143) respirator filter

[ 危害码 (欧洲) ]:
Xi,C

[ 风险声明 (欧洲) ]:
R22:Harmful if swallowed. R40:Limited evidence of a carcinogenic effect. R48/20/22:Harmful: danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation and if swallowed .

[ 安全声明 (欧洲) ]:
S36-S24/25

[ 危险品运输编码 ]:
NONH for all modes of transport

[ WGK德国 ]:
2

[ RTECS号 ]:
GE8300000

[ 海关编码 ]:
2918150000

柠檬酸钠合成路线

详细合成路线

柠檬酸钠上下游产品

柠檬酸钠上游产品

柠檬酸钠下游产品

柠檬酸钠制备

由柠檬酸经氢氧化钠或碳酸氢钠中和而得。将碳酸氢钠在搅拌加热下溶解于水，加入柠檬酸，继续升温至85-90℃，调整pH为6.8。加活性炭脱色，趁热过滤。滤液减压浓缩，冷却后析出结晶。过滤、洗涤、干燥，得柠檬酸钠。

柠檬酸钠海关

[ 海关编码 ]: 2918150000

[ 中文概述 ]:
2918150000. 柠檬酸盐和柠檬酸酯. 增值税率:17.0%. 退税率:13.0%. 监管条件:4ABxy(出口许可证,入境货物通关单,出境货物通关单出口许可证(加工贸易),出口许可证(边境小额贸易)). 最惠国关税:6.5%. 普通关税:30.0%

[ 申报要素 ]: 品名, 成分含量, 用途

[ 监管条件 ]: 4.出口许可证 A.入境货物通关单 B.出境货物通关单 x.出口许可证(加工贸易) y.出口许可证(边境小额贸易)

[ 检验检疫 ]: R.进口食品卫生监督检验 S.出口食品卫生监督检验 N.出口商品检验

[ Summary ]:
2918150000. other salts and esters of citric acid. VAT:17.0%. Tax rebate rate:13.0%. Supervision conditions:4ABXY(export license,certificate of inspection for goods inward,certificate of inspection for goods outwardexport license(processing trade),export license(border small volume trade)). MFN tariff:6.5%. General tariff:30.0%

柠檬酸钠文献

Altered cytological parameters in buccal cells from individuals with mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease.

Cytometry. A 85(8) , 698-708, (2014)

Previous studies have shown that mild cognitive impairment (MCI) may be reflective of the early stages of more pronounced neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). There is a need ...

EGFR signaling downstream of EGF regulates migration, invasion, and MMP secretion of immortalized cells derived from human ameloblastoma.

Tumour Biol. 35(11) , 11107-20, (2014)

Ameloblastoma is an odontogenic tumor characterized by local invasiveness and frequent recurrence. The surrounding stroma, composed of different cell types and extracellular matrix (ECM), may influenc...

Transplantation of enteric neural stem/progenitor cells into the irradiated young mouse hippocampus.

Cell. Transplant. 23(12) , 1657-71, (2015)

Radiotherapy is an effective treatment for brain tumors but often results in cognitive deficits in survivors. Transplantation of embryonic or brain-derived neural stem/progenitor cells (BNSPCs) amelio...

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