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L-谷氨酰胺

L-谷氨酰胺用途

L-Glutamine是非必须氨基酸,广泛地分布于全身。

L-谷氨酰胺名称

[ CAS 号 ]:
56-85-9

[ 中文名 ]:
L-谷氨酰胺

[ 英文名 ]:
L-Glutamine

[中文别名 ]:

[英文别名 ]:

UNII-U5JDO2770Z
EINECS 200-292-1
ZY1&VMYVQ2VZ &&L-L Form
glutaminic acid
Gln
L-Ala-L-Gln
glutamine
L-Gln
Pentanoic acid, 2,5-diamino-5-oxo-, (S)-
L-Alanyl-L-glutamine

L-谷氨酰胺生物活性

[ 描述 ]:

L-Glutamine是非必须氨基酸,广泛地分布于全身。

[ 相关类别 ]:

信号通路 >> G 蛋白偶联受体/G 蛋白 >> 谷氨酸受体

研究领域 >> 代谢疾病

天然产物 >> 其他

[ 靶点 ]

Human Endogenous Metabolite

[参考文献]

[1]. Brosnan JT. Interorgan amino acid transport and its regulation. J Nutr. 2003 Jun;133(6 Suppl 1):2068S-2072S.

[2]. Newsholme P, et al. Glutamine and glutamate as vital metabolites. Braz J Med Biol Res. 2003 Feb;36(2):153-63. Epub 2003 Jan 29.

[3]. Newsholme P. Why is L-glutamine metabolism important to cells of the immune system in health, postinjury, surgery or infection? J Nutr. 2001 Sep;131(9 Suppl):2515S-22S; discussion 2523S-4S.

[相关活性小分子]

L-谷氨酰胺物理化学性质

[ 密度 ]:
1.5±0.1 g/cm3

[ 沸点 ]:
353.5±52.0 °C at 760 mmHg

[ 熔点 ]:
185ºC

[ 分子式 ]:
C₅H₁₀N₂O₃

[ 分子量 ]:
146.145

[ 闪点 ]:
167.6±30.7 °C

[ 精确质量 ]:
146.069138

[ PSA ]:
106.41000

[ LogP ]:
-1.28

[ 外观性状 ]:
白色粉末

[ 蒸汽压 ]:
0.0±1.8 mmHg at 25°C

[ 折射率 ]:
1.564

[ 储存条件 ]:
室温，干燥

L-谷氨酰胺MSDS

L-谷氨酰胺毒性和生态

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :: MA2275100

CHEMICAL NAME :: Glutamine, L-

CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :: 56-85-9

BEILSTEIN REFERENCE NO. :: 1723797

LAST UPDATED :: 199706

DATA ITEMS CITED :: 7

MOLECULAR FORMULA :: C5-H10-N2-O3

MOLECULAR WEIGHT :: 146.17

WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :: ZV2YZVQ

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Human - man

DOSE/DURATION :: 27 mg/kg/1W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - euphoria

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 7500 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 21700 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 260 mg/kg/30D-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - food intake (animal) Blood - changes in spleen Related to Chronic Data - death

MUTATION DATA

TYPE OF TEST :: Sister chromatid exchange

TEST SYSTEM :: Human Lymphocyte

DOSE/DURATION :: 10 mg/L

REFERENCE :: MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964- Volume(issue)/page/year: 372,75,1996 *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - X4814 No. of Facilities: 841 (estimated) No. of Industries: 4 No. of Occupations: 14 No. of Employees: 8491 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 5700 (estimated)

L-谷氨酰胺安全信息

[ 个人防护装备 ]:
Eyeshields;Gloves;type N95 (US);type P1 (EN143) respirator filter

[ 危害码 (欧洲) ]:
Xi

[ 风险声明 (欧洲) ]:
R36

[ 安全声明 (欧洲) ]:
S24/25

[ 危险品运输编码 ]:
NONH for all modes of transport

[ WGK德国 ]:
2

[ RTECS号 ]:
MA2275100

[ 海关编码 ]:
2932999099

L-谷氨酰胺合成路线

L-谷氨酰胺上下游产品

L-谷氨酰胺上游产品

L-谷氨酰胺下游产品

L-谷氨酰胺制备

L-谷氨酰胺广泛存在于自然界，例如，以游离状态含于南瓜、向日葵的幼苗中，其N-乙基化合物（茶氨酸，theanine）含于茶叶中。虽然可自天然产物提取谷氨酰胺，但大量生产则采用发酵法和合成法。1.合成法由L-谷氨酸-5-甲酯（[1499-55-4]）经缩合、加成、成盐、水解而得。谷氨酸在浓硫酸存在下与甲醇酯化，所得的酯化液滴加入甲醇和二硫化碳的混合液中，一边滴加，一边在冷却下通氨。酯化液滴加完后，继续通氨，然后加入三乙胺，在30℃密闭放置40h。经减压浓缩赶氨后，得γ-甲酯-L-谷氨酸-N-氨荒酸二铵盐浓缩液。将其加热至40-45℃，加入乙酸。搅拌30min后，减压除去二硫化碳，此时析了大量结晶。然后加入等体积甲醇，于0℃放置12h，过滤，得谷氨酰胺粗品。经活性炭脱色、重结晶得成品。2.发酵法将葡萄糖或乙酸、乙醇作为培养基碳源，用黄色短杆菌（Brevibacterium flavum）菌种发酵，以葡萄糖计产率为39g/L，收率为39%。

2.合成法

3.发酵法

4. 从菌类的细胞壁中提取。

L-谷氨酰胺海关

[ 海关编码 ]: 2924199090

[ 中文概述 ]:
2924199090. 其他无环酰胺（包括无环氨基甲酸酯)(包括其衍生物及盐）. 增值税率:17.0%. 退税率:13.0%. 监管条件:无. 最惠国关税:6.5%. 普通关税:30.0%

[ 申报要素 ]: 品名, 成分含量, 用途, 包装

[ Summary ]:
2924199090. other acyclic amides (including acyclic carbamates) and their derivatives; salts thereof. VAT:17.0%. Tax rebate rate:13.0%. . MFN tariff:6.5%. General tariff:30.0%

L-谷氨酰胺文献

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