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牛磺酸

牛磺酸用途

Taurine是广泛分布于动物组织中的有机酸。

牛磺酸名称

[ CAS 号 ]:
107-35-7

[ 中文名 ]:
牛磺酸

[ 英文名 ]:
Taurine

[中文别名 ]:

[英文别名 ]:

EINECS 203-483-8
Taurine
tauphon
Taukard
taurine zwitterion
2-aminoethanesulphonic acid
b-Aminoethylsulfonic acid
Ethanesulfonic acid, 2-amino-
2-aminoethane sulfonic acid
TATU

牛磺酸生物活性

[ 描述 ]:

Taurine是广泛分布于动物组织中的有机酸。

[ 相关类别 ]:

信号通路 >> 自噬 >> 自噬

天然产物 >> 酸和醛

研究领域 >> 代谢疾病

[ 靶点 ]

Human Endogenous Metabolite

[参考文献]

[1]. Huxtable, R.J., Physiological actions of taurine. Physiol Rev, 1992. 72(1): p. 101-63.

[2]. Huxtable, R.J., Taurine in the central nervous system and the mammalian actions of taurine. Prog Neurobiol, 1989. 32(6): p. 471-533.

[3]. Chesney, R.W., Taurine: its biological role and clinical implications. Adv Pediatr, 1985. 32: p. 1-42.

[4]. Pion, P.D., et al., Myocardial failure in cats associated with low plasma taurine: a reversible cardiomyopathy. Science, 1987. 237(4816): p. 764-8.

[相关活性小分子]

牛磺酸物理化学性质

[ 密度 ]:
1.5±0.1 g/cm3

[ 熔点 ]:
>300 °C(lit.)

[ 分子式 ]:
C₂H₇NO₃S

[ 分子量 ]:
125.147

[ 精确质量 ]:
125.014664

[ PSA ]:
88.77000

[ LogP ]:
-2.46

[ 外观性状 ]:
白色结晶粉末

[ 折射率 ]:
1.515

[ 储存条件 ]:
2-8°C

[ 稳定性 ]:
Stable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.

[ 水溶解性 ]:
5-10 g/100 mL at 23.5 ºC

牛磺酸MSDS

牛磺酸毒性和生态

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :: WX0175000

CHEMICAL NAME :: Taurine

CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :: 107-35-7

LAST UPDATED :: 199710

DATA ITEMS CITED :: 16

MOLECULAR FORMULA :: C2-H7-N-O3-S

MOLECULAR WEIGHT :: 125.16

WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :: Z2SWQ

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: >5 gm/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: >7 gm/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - respiratory depression Skin and Appendages - hair

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: >7 gm/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 6630 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 6 gm/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: >7 gm/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intramuscular

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: >7 gm/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Mammal - dog

DOSE/DURATION :: >2 gm/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :: >1 gm/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LD - Lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Mammal - species unspecified

DOSE/DURATION :: >10 gm/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 182 gm/kg/13W-C

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - changes in sodium Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - changes in chlorine

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

DOSE :: 878 gm/kg

SEX/DURATION :: multigenerations

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - growth statistics (e.g.%, reduced weight gain)

MUTATION DATA

TEST SYSTEM :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 7560 mg/kg/6W

REFERENCE :: CRNGDP Carcinogenesis (London). (Oxford Univ. Press, Pinkhill House, Southfield Road, Eynsham, Oxford OX8 1JJ, UK) V.1- 1980- Volume(issue)/page/year: 9,387,1988 *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - X7233 No. of Facilities: 167 (estimated) No. of Industries: 5 No. of Occupations: 13 No. of Employees: 19927 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 3025 (estimated)

牛磺酸安全信息

[ 符号 ]:

GHS07

[ 信号词 ]:
Warning

[ 危害声明 ]:
H315-H319-H335

[ 警示性声明 ]:
P305 + P351 + P338

[ 个人防护装备 ]:
dust mask type N95 (US);Eyeshields;Gloves

[ 危害码 (欧洲) ]:
Xi: Irritant;

[ 风险声明 (欧洲) ]:
R36/37/38

[ 安全声明 (欧洲) ]:
S26-S36-S24/25

[ 危险品运输编码 ]:
NONH for all modes of transport

[ WGK德国 ]:
2

[ RTECS号 ]:
WX0175000

[ 海关编码 ]:
2921199090

牛磺酸合成路线

牛磺酸上下游产品

牛磺酸上游产品

牛磺酸下游产品

牛磺酸制备

1盐酸酯化法
(1)2-氯乙胺盐酸盐的制备。在250mL烧瓶中加入100g浓盐酸，搅拌下缓缓加入乙醇胺61g，升温至145-150℃,通过氯化氢气体至有少量HCL逸出为止；然后蒸馏，在150℃下边减压蒸馏边反应15h，至无水馏出为止；最后将反应液冷却至70℃，加入无水乙醇50g，冷却结晶，经分离、洗涤（用无水乙醇）、真空干燥得成品106g，收率91.3%.

（2）牛黄酸的制备。将66.2gNa2SO3加入500mL烧瓶中，加250mL水溶解，在50℃下开始滴加上述产品58g溶于15mL水的溶液，6h滴完；然后升温至65℃反映3h，升温至90℃反应4h，最后回流1h，测定牛黄酸含量折算收率94%。用电渗析法除去无机盐，然后浓缩结晶得牛黄酸57.2g，提取收率91.5%，纯度99.6%,总收率83.6%.
2硫酸酯化法
(1)2-氨基乙基硫酸氢酯的合成。在500mL烧瓶中加入乙醇胺（36.6g，0.6mol）和甲苯（100mL）,在水浴冷却及搅拌下滴加98%的硫酸（61.4g,0.626mol），约需50min滴完；再加入十六烷基三乙基氯化铵（1.4g,0.0039mol），溶剂用四氯化碳（CTC）,加热回流1.5-2h，分离出理论量的水（约11mL）；经冷却、过滤、洗涤、干燥，得2-氨基乙基硫酸氢酯83g(熔点273-279℃)，收率98.1%.
(2)牛黄酸的合成。在500mL烧瓶中加入亚硫酸钠（75.6g,0.60mlo）和250mL水，在氮气保护下缓缓且均匀地加入硫酸氢酯(28.2g，0.2mol)，加完后继续回流10-12h生成牛黄酸；减压蒸去其中的水分，在漫漫加入浓硫酸100mL搅拌约1h，使产物溶解完全；滤出无机盐晶体，并用20mL浓盐酸洗涤两次。滤液减压浓缩至体积的一半，加入95%的乙醇50Ml,即有部分结晶析出；将滤液放入冰箱冷冻1-2h，过滤得粗品，再用浓盐酸重结晶一次即得产品21.3g(熔点298-301℃，收率85%。总收率为83%。
3二氯亚砜法
在60℃下乙醇胺盐酸盐与SOCL2按化学式计算反应7h，得2-氯乙醇胺盐酸盐，产率99%。如用350mL 37%的盐酸与溶于800 mL甲苯中的244g乙醇胺反应，110℃共沸除去水分，冷却至50℃，加入3.2g NH4Cl催化剂，然后滴加14 mLSOCl2,生成2-乙醇胺盐酸盐。再将53.7g80%的上述产品溶液在3h内滴加到180mL、浓度为21。4%的亚硫酸钠溶液中，80℃下恒温反应4h，得含39.8g牛黄酸的水溶液，电渗析除盐，冷却至3℃下结晶纯化得产品纯度99.95%,收率95%。

4.将牛胆汁水解或将乌贼和章鱼等鱼贝类和哺乳动物肉和内脏提取、浓缩获得，也可从牛黄中提取或由化学合成。

牛磺酸海关

[ 海关编码 ]: 2921199090

[ 中文概述 ]:
2921199090 其他无环单胺及其衍生物及其盐。监管条件:无。增值税率:17.0%。退税率:9.0%。最惠国关税:6.5%。普通关税:30.0%

[ 申报要素 ]: 品名, 成分含量, 用途

[ Summary ]:
2921199090 other acyclic monoamines and their derivatives; salts thereof VAT:17.0% Tax rebate rate:9.0% Supervision conditions:none MFN tariff:6.5% General tariff:30.0%

牛磺酸文献

Development of High-purity Certified Reference Materials for 17 Proteinogenic Amino Acids by Traceable Titration Methods.

Anal. Sci. 31 , 805-14, (2015)

To ensure the reliability of amino acid analyses, the National Metrology Institute of Japan of the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (NMIJ/AIST) has developed high-purit...

Physiologic force-frequency response in engineered heart muscle by electromechanical stimulation.

Biomaterials 60 , 82-91, (2015)

A hallmark of mature mammalian ventricular myocardium is a positive force-frequency relationship (FFR). Despite evidence of organotypic structural and molecular maturation, a positive FFR has not been...

Sulfur amino acid metabolism in Zucker diabetic fatty rats.

Biochem. Pharmacol. 96 , 256-66, (2015)

The present study was aimed to investigate the metabolomics of sulfur amino acids in Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats, an obese type 2 diabetic animal model. Plasma levels of total cysteine, homocyste...

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牛磺酸