Soyasaponin II is a saponin with antiviral activity. Soyasaponin II inhibits the replication of HSV-1, HCMV, influenza virus, and HIV-1. Soyasaponin II shows potent inhibition on HSV-1 replication. Soyasaponin II serves as a inhibitor for YB-1 phosphorylation and NLRP3 inflammasome priming and could protect mice against LPS/GalN induced acute liver failure[1][2].
Braco-19 is a potent telomerase/telomere inhibitor, preventing the capping and catalytic action of telomerase. Braco-19 acts as G-quadruplex (GQ) binding ligand, stabilizing G-quadruplexes formation at the 3V telomeric DNA overhang and produce rapid senescence or selective cell death. Braco-19 is also a HAdV virus replication inhibitor[1][2].
SIRT1-IN-1 is a selective SIRT1 inhibitor with an IC50 of 0.205 μM. SIRT1-IN-1 inhibits SIRT2 with an IC50 of 11.5 μM[1]. SIRT1-IN-1, a indole, is a cytomegalovirus (CMV) inhibitors and has antiviral activity[2].
Valganciclovir, the L-valyl ester of ganciclovir, is actually a prodrug for ganciclovir. Valganciclovir is an antiviral medication used to treat cytomegalovirus infections.IC50 Value: Target: CMVin vitro: In cell culture model systems using Caco-2 cells for PEPT1 and SKPT cells for PEPT2, valganciclovir inhibited glycylsarcosine transport mediated by PEPT1 and PEPT2 with K(i) values (inhibition constant) of 1.68+/-0.30 and 0.043+/- 0.005 mM, respectively. The inhibition by valganciclovir was competitive in both cases [1].in vivo: 37 patients were enrolled; 19 patients received treatment with VGV and 18 patients received treatment with GCV. The VGV was not inferior in efficacy to GCV as pre-emptive therapy, with rates of viral clearance at 28 days of 89.5% and 83%, respectively (P-value for non-inferiority = 0.030). Toxicities were similar between the 2 arms. No patients developed CMV disease [2]. Patients being treated with an alemtuzumab-containing regimen received prophylaxis with either valaciclovir 500 mg orally daily orvalganciclovir 450 mg orally twice daily. None of the 20 patients randomized to valganciclovir experienced CMV reactivation (P = .004) [3].
Cidofovir dehydrate is an injectable antiviral medication for the treatment of cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis, which suppresses virus replication by selective inhibition of viral DNA synthesis.Target: CMV DNA polymeraseCidofovir is an injectable antiviral medication for the treatment of cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis in patients with AIDS. It suppresses CMV replication by selective inhibition of viral DNA polymerase and therefore prevention of viral replication and transcription. It is an acyclic nucleoside phosphonate, and is therefore independent of phosphorylation by viral enzymes, unlike acyclovir.Cidofovir was discovered at the Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Prague, by Antonín Hol?, and developed by Gilead Sciences and is marketed with the brand name Vistide by Gilead in the USA, and by Pfizer elsewhere. Maintenance therapy with cidofovir involves an infusion only once every two weeks, making it a convenient treatment option. Because dosing is relatively infrequent, a permanent catheter is not necessary for infusions.
Fomivirsen (ISIS-2922 free base) is an antisense 21 mer phosphorothioate oligonucleotide. Fomivirsen is an antiviral agent that is used cytomegalovirus retinitis (CMV) research, incluiding in AIDs. Fomivirsen binds to and degrades the mRNAs encoding CMV immediate-early 2 protein, thus inhibiting virus proliferation[1][2].