Crustecdysone (20-Hydroxyecdysone) is a naturally occurring ecdysteroid hormone isolated from Cyanotis arachnoides C.B.Clarke which controls the ecdysis (moulting) and metamorphosis of arthropods, it inhibits caspase activity and induces autophagy via the 20E nuclear receptor complex, EcR-USP[1].Crustecdysone exhibits regulatory or protective roles in the cardiovascular system[2].
TPEN is a specific cell-permeable heavy metal chelator.
SN-38 is an active metabolite of the Topoisomerase I inhibitor Irinotecan. SN-38 inhibits DNA and RNA synthesis with IC50s of 0.077 and 1.3 μM, respectively.
Novel antitumor agent, inducing PKR-mediated apoptosis and synergizing with IFN
Cytarabine hydrochloride is an antimetabolic agent and DNA synthesis inhibitor with IC50 of 16 nM.
Metyrapone is an inhibitor of cytochrome P450-mediated ω/ω-1 hydroxylase activity and CYP11B1.Target: CYP11B1Metyrapone is a drug used in the diagnosis of adrenal insufficiency and occasionally in the treatment of Cushing's syndrome (hypercortisolism). Metyrapone blocks cortisol synthesis by reversibly inhibiting steroid 11β-hydroxylase. This stimulates ACTH secretion, which in turn increases plasma 11-Deoxycortisol levels.
Danshensu, an active ingredient of Salvia miltiorrhiza, shows wide cardiovascular benefit by activating Nrf2 signaling pathway.
Polyphyllin I is a bioactive constituent extracted from Paris polyphylla, has strong anti-tumor activity. Polyphyllin I is an activator of the JNK signaling pathway and is an inhibitor of PDK1/Akt/mTOR signaling. Polyphyllin I induces autophagy, G2/M phase arrest and apoptosis[1][2][3].
Erlotinib mesylate inhibits purified EGFR kinase with an IC50 of 2 nM.
Vistusertib (AZD2014) is an ATP competitive mTOR inhibitor with an IC50 of 2.81 nM. AZD2014 inhibits both mTORC1 and mTORC2 complexes.
Lovastatin is a cell-permeable HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor used to lower cholesterol.
Hemin is an iron-containing porphyrin. Hemin is an Heme oxygenase (HO)-1 inducer.
17-AAG is a potent HSP90 inhibitor with an IC50 of 5 nM, having a 100-fold higher binding affinity for tumour cell derived HSP90 than normal cell derived HSP90.
Bexarotene-d3 (LGD1069-d3) is the deuterium labeled Bexarotene. Bexarotene (LGD1069) is a high-affinity and selective retinoid X receptors (RXR) agonist with EC50s of 33, 24, 25 nM for RXRα, RXRβ, and RXRγ, respectively. Bexarotene shows limited affinity for RAR receptors (EC50 >10000 nM). Bexarotene can be used for the research of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma[1][2][3][4].
Corynoxine is an enantiomer of Corynoxine B; induces autophagy in different neuronal cell lines, including N2a and SHSY-5Y cells.IC50 value:Tareget: Autophagy inducerIn vivo, Cory promotes the formation of autophagosomes in the fat bodies of Drosophila. By inducing autophagy, Cory promotes the clearance of wild-type and A53T α-syn in inducible PC12 cells. Interestingly, different from its enantiomer Cory B, Cory induces autophagy through the Akt/mTOR pathway as evidenced by the reduction in the levels of phospho-Akt, phospho-mTOR and phospho-p70 S6 Kinase [1]. Corynoxine significantly decreased locomotor activity after oral administration to mice [2].
(Rac)-Hesperetin-13C,d3 is the 13C- and deuterium labeled. (Rac)-Hesperetin is the racemate of Hesperetin. Hesperetin is a natural flavanone, and acts as a potent and broad-spectrum inhibitor against human UGT activity. Hesperetin induces apoptosis via p38 MAPK activation.
Silibinin-d5 is the deuterium labeled Silibinin. Silibinin (Silibinin A), an effective anti-cancer and chemopreventive agent, has been shown to exert multiple effects on cancer cells, including inhibition of both cell proliferation and migration.
CCT128930 is a potent and selective inhibitor of Akt2 (IC50 6 nM) with 28-fold selectivity over the closely related PKA kinase (IC50 168 nM), as well as 20-fold selectivity over p70S6K (IC50 120 nM).
Cisatracurium Besylate is a nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent, antagonizing the action of acetylcholine by inhibiting neuromuscular transmission.Target: AChR alpha-2Cisatracurium is a neuromuscular-blocking drug or skeletal muscle relaxant in the category of non-depolarizing neuromuscular-blocking drugs, used adjunctively in anesthesia to facilitate endotracheal intubation and to provide skeletal muscle relaxation during surgery or mechanical ventilation. It is a bisbenzyltetrahydroisoquinolinium agent with an intermediate duration of action. Cisatracurium is one of the ten isomers of the parent molecule, atracurium. Moreover, cisatracurium represents approximately 15% of the atracurium mixture [1, 2].
Trametinib-13C,d3 is the 13C- and deuterium labeled. Trametinib (GSK1120212; JTP-74057) is an orally active MEK inhibitor that inhibits MEK1 and MEK2 with IC50s of about 2 nM. Trametinib activates autophagy and induces apoptosis[1][2].
Adenosine-2′-13C is the 13C labeled Adenosine. Adenosine (Adenine riboside), a ubiquitous endogenous autacoid, acts through the enrollment of four G protein-coupled receptors: A1, A2A, A2B, and A3. Adenosine affects almost all aspects of cellular physiolo
HG-10-102-01 is a potent and selective inhibitor of wild-type LRRK2(IC50=23.3 nM) and the G2019S mutant(IC50=3.2 nM)IC50 Value: 23.3 nM (WT LRRK2); 3.2 nM (LRRK2 G2019S) [1]Target: LRRK2HG-10-102-01 maintains the ability to potently inhibit the biochemical activity of wild-type and G2019S mutant LRRK2. HG-10-102-01 exhibited biochemical IC50s of 20.3 and 3.2 nM against wild-type LRRK2 and LRRK2[G2019S], respectively. At a concentration of 10 μM, HG-10-102-01 only inhibited the kinase activities of MLK1 and MNK2 to greater than 80% of the DMSO control. Dose-response analysis revealed inhibition of MLK1 with an IC50 2.1 μM and MNK2 with an IC50 0.6 μM. KinomeScan analysis against a near comprehensive panel of 451 kinases at a concentration of 1 μM resulted in no interactions detected with kinases other than G2019S LRRK2 with the exception of one mutant form of c-Kit (L576P) demonstrating the outstanding selectivity of this inhibitor.HG-10-102-01 significantly inhibited phosphorylation of wildtype LRRK2 and LRRK2[G2019S] mutant at Ser910 and Ser935 at 0.3-1.0 μM in cell culture, which is approximately the same potency as LRRK2-IN-1 (1). HG-10-102-01 is relatively insensitive to the A2016T mutation which suggests that this mutant will not be useful to validate whether the pharmacological effects of the compound are LRRK2-dependent.HG-10-102-01 can inhibit phosphorylation of Ser910 and Ser935 of LRRK2 in brain and peripheral tissues following intraperitoneal doses of 50 mg/kg. Further optimization of this chemo-type especially in regards to in vivo half-life will be reported in due course [1].
Corynoxine B is an oxindole alkaloid isolated from Uncaria rhynchophylla (Miq.) Jacks (Gouteng in Chinese); a Beclin-1-dependent autophagy inducer. IC50 value:Target: Autophagy inducerin vitro: Corynoxine B, a natural autophagy inducer, restores the deficient cytosolic translocation of HMGB1 and autophagy in cells overexpressing SNCA, which may be attributed to its ability to block SNCA-HMGB1 interaction [1].in vivo: Corynoxine B exhibited prolongation of the thiopental-induced hypnosis on oral administration in mice [2].
Isoliquiritigenin is an anti-tumor flavonoid from the root of Glycyrrhiza glabra, which inhibits aldose reductase with an IC50 of 320 nM.
Oprozomib (ONX 0912; PR047) is an orally bioavailable inhibitor for CT-L activity of 20S proteasome β5/LMP7 with IC50 of 36 nM/82 nM.IC50 value: 36 nM/82 nM(20S proteasome β5/LMP7) [1]Target: 20S proteasomeThe anti-MM activity of Oprozomib is associated with activation of caspase-8, caspase-9, caspase-3, and PARP, as well as inhibition of migration of MM cells and angiogenesis. Oprozomib is demonstrated an absolute bioavailability of up to 39% in rodents and dogs. It is well tolerated with repeated oral administration at doses resulting in >80% proteasome inhibition in most tissues and elicited an antitumor response in multiple human tumor xenograft and mouse syngeneic models.
PD98059 is a potent, selective and cell-permeable MEK1 and MEK2 inhibitor with IC50s of 4 μM and 50 μM respectively.
Tenovin-6 Hydrochloride is a water soluble inhibitor of SIRT1 and SIRT2, slightly inhibits HDAC8, and is also a potent activator of p53, with IC50s of 21 μM, 10 μM, 67 μM for SirT1, SirT2, and SirT3, respectively.
Momelotinib-2,2,6,6-d4 (CYT387-2,2,6,6-d4) is the deuterium labeled Momelotinib (HY-10961). Momelotinib (CYT387) is an orally acitve and ATP-competitive JAK1/JAK2 inhibitor with IC50s of 11 nM and 18 nM, respectively[1][2].
Pepstatin (Pepstatin A) acetate is a specific, orally active aspartic protease inhibitor produced by actinomycetes, with IC50s of 4.5 nM, 6.2 nM, 150 nM, 290 nM, 520 nM and 260 nM for hemoglobin-pepsin, hemoglobin-proctase, casein-pepsin, casein-proctase, casein-acid protease and hemoglobin-acid protease, respectively. Pepstatin acetate also inhibits HIV protease[1][2].