Taurolithocholic acid-d4 is deuterium labeled Taurolithocholic acid.
Lercanidipine hydrochloride is a calcium channel blocker of the dihydropyridine class.Target: Calcium ChannelLercanidipine is a calcium channel blocker of the dihydropyridine class, which works by relaxing and opening the blood vessels allowing the blood to circulate more freely around the body. Lercanidipine was effective and well-tolerated in patients with mild-to-moderate hypertension in the daily practice. The effectiveness and safety of the drug were independent of the degree of cardiovascular risk [1, 2].
CaV1.3 antagonist-1 is a potent and highly selective CaV1.3 L-type calcium channel (LTCC) antagonist with an IC50 of 1.7 μM. CaV1.3 antagonist-1 inhibits CaV1.3 LTCC >600-fold more potently than CaV1.2 LTCC. CaV1.3 antagonist-1, a cyclopentyl derivative, has the potential for Parkinson's disease research[1].
Anipamil is a long-acting calcium channel blocker, used for the treatment of cardiovascular disease.
Diltiazem is an orally active L-type Ca2+ channel blocker, with antihypertensive and antiarrhythmic effects. Diltiazem can be used for the research of cardiac arrhythmia, hypertension, and angina pectoris[1][2][3].
Hyperforin dicyclohexylammonium salt (Hyperforin DCHA) is a transient receptor canonical 6 (TRPC6) channels activator. Hyperforin dicyclohexylammonium salt modulates Ca2+ levels by activating Ca2+-conducting non-selective canonical TRPC6 channels. Hyperforin dicyclohexylammonium salt shows antidepressant effect[1][2].
Bepridil hydrochloride (CERM 1978) is a calcium channel blocker, with antianginal activity.
Ethacrynic acid is a diuretic. Ethacrynic acid is an inhibitor of glutathione S-transferases (GSTs). Ethacrynic acid is a potent inhibitor of NF-kB-signaling pathway, and also modulates leukotriene formation. Ethacrynic acid also inhibits L-type voltage-dependent and store-operated calcium channel, leading to relaxation of airway smooth muscle (ASM) cells. Ethacrynic acid has anti-inflammatory properties that reduces the retinoid-induced ear edema in mice[1][2][3][4].
Nisoldipine-d4 (BAY-k 5552-d4) is the deuterium labeled Nisoldipine. Nisoldipine(BAY-k 5552) is a calcium channel blocker belonging to the dihydropyridines class, specific for L-type Cav1.2 with IC50 of 10 nM[1][2].
Cilnidipine(FRC8653) is a dual L- and N-type calcium channel blocker and displays antihypertensive, sympatholytic and neuroprotective activity. IC50 value:Target: calcium channelCilnidipine has displayed renal and vascular protective effects and improved baroreflex sensitivity in patients with hypertension. It has also demonstrated neuroprotective effects in a rat focal brain ischemia model by removing free radicals and activating the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase pathway.
Methyl homoveratrate, a metabolite of RWJ-26240 in vivo, can be identified in plasma, urine and faecal extract. McN5691 (RWJ-26240) is a voltage-sensitive calcium channel blocker[1].
Cav 3.2 inhibitor 4 (compound 21) is a potent, peripherally restricted, selective T-type calcium channel (Cav3.2) inhibitor, with an IC50 of 0.6 μM. Cav 3.2 inhibitor 4 can be used for the research of atrial fibrillation[1].
SERCA2a activator A is a novel sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-dependent ATPase 2a (SERCA2a) activator that activates the Ca2+-dependent ATPase activity of cardiac SR vesicles but not that of skeletal muscle SR vesicles that lack of phospholamban (PLN); binds to PLN (Kd=75 uM), attenuates its inhibition of SERCA2a; enhances systolic and diastolic functions in rat hearts.
Bay-K-8644 (R)-(+)- is a calcium channel inhibitor. Bay-K-8644 (R)-(+)- inhibits Ba2+ currents (IBa) (IC50=975 nM).
Globotriaosylsphingosine (lyso-Gb3) inhibits the growth of fibroblasts, as well as their differentiation into myofibroblasts, and collagen expression. Globotriaosylsphingosine can be used for Fabry disease research[1].
ω-Agatoxin TK, a peptidyl toxin of the venom of Agelenopsis aperta, is a potent and selective P/Q type Ca2+ channel blocker. ω-Agatoxin TK inhibits the high K+ depolarisation-induced rise in internal Ca2+ in cerebral isolated nerve endings with an IC50 of of 60 nM. ω-Agatoxin TK has no effect on L-type, N-type, or T-type calcium channels[1][2][3].
Bepridil hydrochloride hydrate ((±)-Bepridil hydrochloride hydrate) is a non-selective, long-acting Ca+ channel antagonist and Na+, K+ channel inhibitor, with antianginal and type I antiarrhythmic effects. Bepridil hydrochloride hydrate also acts as a cardiac Na+/Ca2+ exchange (NCX1) inhibitor. Bepridil hydrochloride hydrate can be used for the research of cardiovascular disorders[1][2][3][4][5].
Verapamil-d3-1 (hydrochloride) is the deuterium labeled Verapamil hydrochloride[1]. Verapamil hydrochloride ((±)-Verapamil hydrochloride) is a calcium channel blocker and a potent and orally active first-generation P-glycoprotein (P-gp) inhibitor. Verapamil hydrochloride also inhibits CYP3A4. Verapamil hydrochloride has the potential for high blood pressure, heart arrhythmias and angina research[2][3][4].
Cavα2δ1&NET-IN-1 (Compound 59S) is a dual inhibitor of the α2δ‑1 subunit of voltage-gated calcium channels (Cavα2δ-1) and the norepinephrine transporter (NET). Cavα2δ1&NET-IN-1 inhibits Cavα2δ-1 with a Ki of 112 nM. Cavα2δ1&NET-IN-1 inhibits NET with a Ki of 383 nM and IC50 of 67 nM. Cavα2δ1&NET-IN-1 can be used for research of pain[1].
MRS 1523 is a potent and selective adenosine A3 receptor antagonist with Ki values of 18.9 nM and 113 nM for human and rat A3 receptors, respectively. In rat this corresponds to selectivities of 140- and 18-fold vs A1 and A2A receptors, respectively. MRS 1523 can exert antihyperalgesic effect through N-type Ca channel block and action potential inhibition in isolated rat dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons[1][2].
SOICR-IN-1 (compound 32) is a store-overload induced calcium release (SOICR) inhibitor with an IC50 value of 14.6 μM. SOICR-IN-1 can be used for the research of cardiac arrhythmias[1].
ISX-9 is a small molecule inducer of adult neural stem cell differentiation. Target: At 2.5-20 μM, ISX-9 has been shown to dose-dependently trigger neurogenesis and block gliogenesis in adult rat hippocampal stem cells through a calcium-activated signaling pathway dependent on myocyte-enhancer factor 2-dependent gene expression.ISX-9 administered at 20 mg/kg for 12 days to mice has been reported to improve hippocampal function as evidenced by enhanced spatial memory ability in the Morris water maze test.
Amlodipine besylate is a long-acting calcium channel blocker.Target: Calcium ChannelAmlodipine is a dihydropyridine calcium antagonist (calcium ion antagonist or slow-channel blocker) that inhibits the movement of calcium ions into vascular smooth muscle cells and cardiac muscle cells. Experimental data suggest amlodipine binds to both dihydropyridine and nondihydropyridine binding sites. The contractile processes of cardiac muscle and vascular smooth muscle are dependent upon the movement of extracellular calcium ions into these cells through specific ion channels. Amlodipine inhibits calcium ion influx across cell membranes selectively, with a greater effect on vascular smooth muscle cells than on cardiac muscle cells. Negative inotropic effects, or decreased heart muscle contractility, can be detected in vitro, but such effects have not been seen in intact animals at therapeutic doses. Serum calcium concentration is not affected by amlodipine. Within the physiologic pH range, amlodipine is an ionized compound (pKa = 8.6), and its interaction with the calcium channel receptor is characterized by a gradual rate of association and dissociation with the receptor binding site, resulting in a gradual onset of effect. Amlodipine is a peripheral arterial vasodilator that acts directly on vascular smooth muscle to cause a reduction in peripheral vascular resistance and reduction in blood pressure. From Wikipedia.
Calcium Channel antagonist 1 is an antagonist of Calcium Channel Calcium Channel antagonist 1 has the potential for the research of neurology disease[1].
NS-638 is a small nonpeptide molecule with Ca2+-channel blocking properties. K+-stimulated intracellular Ca2+-elevation is blocked with an IC50 value of 3.4 μM.
TMDJ-035 is a selective RyR2 inhibitor. TMDJ-035 suppresses abnormal Ca2+ waves and transients in isolated cardiomyocytes from RyR2-mutated mice. TMDJ-035is a tool for studying the mechanism and dynamics of RyR2 channel gating[1].
GSK-7975A is a potent and orally available CRAC channel inhibitor.
Manidipine 2Hcl (CV-4093) is a dihydropyridine compound and a calcium channel blocker for Ca2+ current with IC50 of 2.6 nM. IC50 value: 2.6 nMTarget: calcium channelManidipine is described to block T-type Ca2+ channels specifically and is also described to have a high selectivity for the vasculature, presenting negligible cardiodepression as compared to other Ca2+ channel antagonists. Manidipine is also described to not significantly affect norepinephrine levels, suggesting a lack of sympathetic activation with this compound. Manidipine reduces pro-inflammatory cytokines secretion in human endothelial cells and macrophages. Manidipine, unlike other third-generation dihydropyridine derived drugs, blocks T-type calcium channels present in the efferent glomerular arterioles, reducing intraglomerular pressure and microalbuminuria.
YS 035 hydrochloride is a Ca2+ antagonist on cellular uptake and mitochondrial efflux of calcium ions. YS 035 hydrochloride inhibits Ca2+ uptake by muscle cells and inhibits Na+/Ca2+ exchange (Ki=28 µM). YS 035 hydrochloride is a useful tool for research on the mitochondrial Ca2+ transport[1].
Terodiline hydrochloride is an M1-selective muscarinic receptor (mAChR) antagonist with Kbs of 15, 160, 280, and 198 nM in rabbit vas deferens (M1), atria (M2), bladder (M3) and ileal muscle (M3), respectively. Terodiline hydrochloride also is a Ca2+ blocker. Terodiline hydrochloride acts as a treatment for urinary frequency and urge incontinence[1].