Microbiology is a discipline that studies the morphology, structure, classification, genetic variation, physiological and biochemical activities of microorganisms, and is also a branch of biology. In the 1860s, due to the development of the wine industry and the silk industry, the research on microorganisms was further promoted and the rise of microbiology was promoted. French microbiologist Pasteur (L. 1822-1895) has proved through many years of experiments that wine, vinegar and other brewing processes are caused by microorganisms, rather than fermentation, and that different fermentations are caused by different kinds of microorganisms. As a result, alcoholic acid is the result of the reproduction of harmful microorganisms, and scientific disinfection methods are proposed. In the study of silkworm disease, chicken cholera, anthracnose and rabies, it was confirmed that infectious diseases were caused by pathogenic microorganisms. Therefore, it is recognized that Pasteur is the founder of microbiology. The subjects of microbiology research are a group of small cells with simple, single cells or simple individual structures, even lower organisms without cell structure. They belong to the virus community, the prokaryote community, the eukaryotic protist community and the fungi community in the taxonomic system. Including bacteria, actinomycetes, molds, yeasts, spirochetes, rickettsia, thick bodies, viruses, and the like. The methods of microbiology research mainly include: (1) Classification and identification. Optical microscopy (usually suspending the organism in the liquid; second, fixed staining of the smear) is used to observe the morphological characteristics of the microorganism. (2) Inoculation, separation, and purification. (3) Determination of growth and reproduction and physiological and biochemical reactions. Since the 20th century, due to the invention of electron microscopy, the use of isotope tracer atoms has greatly promoted the study of microorganisms and promoted the rapid development of microbiology theoretical research. The main contents of microbiology are: (1) Studying the morphology, structure, and classification of microorganisms; (2) Studying the laws of physiological and biochemical reactions, growth and reproduction, and genetic variation of microorganisms. (3) Study the ecology of microorganisms and the relationship between microorganisms and other organisms. (4) Study the application of microorganisms in agriculture, industry, environmental protection, and medical and health services. Microorganisms are widely distributed in nature. Therefore, the activities of microorganisms are closely related to people's lives and production. Some microorganisms can cause infectious diseases of humans, animals and plants. But most microorganisms are beneficial or harmless to people, animals and plants. They have been widely used in industrial and agricultural production. Some applications are direct use of their cells, some use their metabolites or metabolic activities, and many microorganisms have been used to process or produce a variety of foods, drugs, chemical raw materials, biological products, feed, pesticides and so on. Microbiology is both an applied discipline and a basic discipline. Microbiology is an important part of biology, and it is often associated with molecular biology. It has important significance in exploring the nature of life, the laws of biological activities, the origin and evolution of biology. Due to the simple structure of microorganisms, rapid growth and reproduction, easy cultivation and the convenience of application of mutants, they have become a good material for many basic problems in research biology.


Amino compound >
Oxy-containing amino compound Cycloalkylamines, aromatic monoamines, aromatic polyamines and derivatives and salts thereof Acyclic monoamines, polyamines and their derivatives and salts Amide compound Sulfonic acid amino compound
Alcohols, phenols, phenolic compounds and derivatives >
2-cycloalcohol Halogenated, sulfonated, nitrated or nitrosated derivatives of alcohols Extremely halogenated, sulfonated, nitrated or nitrosated derivatives of phenols Phenol and its halogenated, sulfonated, nitrated or nitrosated derivatives Acyclic alcohol
Nitrogen-containing compound
Nitrile compound
Organic derivative of hydrazine or hydrazine
Terpenoid
Ether compounds and their derivatives >
Ether, ether alcohol Halogenation, sulfonation, nitration or nitrosation of ethers, ether alcohols, ether phenols
Aldehyde
Carboxylic compounds and derivatives >
Cyclic carboxylic acid Halogenation, sulfonation, nitration or nitrosation of carboxylic acids Halogenation, sulfonation, nitration or nitration of carboxylic anhydrides Carboxylic acid halide Carboxylic esters and their derivatives Salt of carboxylic acid ester and its derivatives Acyclic carboxylic acid
Hydrocarbon compounds and their derivatives >
Aromatic hydrocarbon Cyclic hydrocarbon Hydrocarbon sulfonate Hydrocarbon halide Hydrocarbon nitrite Acyclic hydrocarbon
Ketone compound
Alkyl ureas and their derivatives and salts
Inorganic acid ester
Heterocyclic compound
Diazo, azo or azo compound
Organosilicon compound
Organometallic compound >
Organic palladium Organic germanium, cobalt, strontium, barium, gallium, germanium, germanium, germanium, germanium, etc. Organic calcium Zirconium Organic potassium Organic Organic lithium Organic Organic aluminum Organotin Organic manganese Organic sodium Organic nickel Organic titanium Organic iron Organic copper Organotin Organic zinc Organic Organic Organic germanium, mercury, silver, platinum, etc. Organic germanium, antimony, bismuth, tungsten, antimony, bismuth, lead, vanadium, molybdenum, chromium, antimony, etc.
Organic sulfur compound
Organic phosphine compound
Organometallic salt
Organic fluorine compound >
Fluorobenzoic acid series Fluorobenzonitrile series Fluorobenzaldehyde series Fluorobenzyl alcohol series Fluoroanisole series Fluoroaniline series Fluorophenylacetic acid series Fluorophenol series Fluorobenzoic acid series Fluoronitrobenzene series Fluoropyridine series Potassium fluoroborate series Fluorobenzyl alcohol series Fluorotoluene series Fluorine red series Fluoroethane series Fluoropropane series
Respiratory medication >
Asthma Other respiratory medications Peony Antitussive
Hormone and endocrine-regulating drugs >
Birth control pills Pituitary hormone Estrogen and progestogen drugs Adrenocorticotropic drugs Gonadotropin Thyroid hormone and antithyroid drugs other Prostaglandins Adrenal corticosteroids Androgen and anabolic hormone drugs Pancreatic hormones and other blood sugar regulating drugs Treatment of male erectile dysfunction drugs
Antipyretic analgesics >
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs Antipyretic and analgesic Anti-migraine drug Anti-gout medicine Analgesic
Antiallergic >
Allergic reaction medium blocker Antihistamine
Antiparasitic drug >
Anti-amebiasis and anti-trichomoniasis drugs Antimalarial Resistance to filariasis and anti-leishmaniasis Anti-fungal medicine Anthelmintic Antiprotozoal Anthelmintic
Antibiotics >
Beta-lactamase inhibitor Aminoglycoside Macrolide drug Peptide Polyene Rifamycin Lincosamide Other antibiotics Penicillin Tetracycline Cephalosporin Amide alcohol Agricultural antibiotics
Antineoplastic agents >
Hormone antineoplastic agents Antimetabolite antineoplastic Antibiotic antineoplastic agents Anti-tumor adjuvant Other antineoplastic agents Natural source antineoplastic agents Alkylating agent Tinic antineoplastic agents Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) treatment
Anesthetic Agents >
Skeletal muscle relaxant Local anesthetics General anesthetics
Urinary system medication >
Diuretic Diabetes insipidus medication Other urinary system medication Dehydrated medicine
Other chemicals >
other Health and epidemic prevention drugs
Synthetic anti-infective drugs >
Sulfonamides and synergists Antiviral drugs Anti-tuberculosis leprosy Antihelium drug Antifungal drugs Quinolone Natural source anti-infectives Disinfectant antiseptic Nitrofuran
Nervous system medication >
2 sedative and hypnotics Antiepileptic and anticonvulsant Anxiolytic Antipsychotic Antidepressant, manic Anti-shock palsy Brain metabolism regulating drug Cholinergic Other nervous system medication Central stimulant Parkinson's syndrome
Water, electrolyte and acid-base balance regulator >
Electrolyte balance regulator Glucose drug Acid-base balance regulator
Vitamins and minerals >
Trace elements and mineral drugs Vitamin AD drugs Vitamin B drugs Vitamin C drugs Nutritional health medicine
Digestive system medication >
Liver disease medication Acid and gastric mucosal protective drugs Biliary medicine Other digestive system medication Appetite suppressant and other diet pills Gastrointestinal drug Gastrointestinal expectorant Laxative antidiarrheal Inhibition of gastric acid secretion Antiemetic emetic Digestive drug
Blood system medication >
Leukocyte proliferative drug Platelet proliferative drug Anticoagulant and antiplatelet drugs Anti-anemia drug Blood volume expander Hemostatic drug
Circulatory system medication >
Regulating blood lipids Prevention and treatment of angina pectoris Calcium channel blocker Anti-congestive heart failure medicine Antihypertensive drug Antiarrhythmic drug Anti-shock vasoactive drug Other circulatory system medication Angiotensin converting enzyme and receptor inhibitor Peripheral vasodilator Beta-adrenergic receptor blocker Treatment of chronic cardiac insufficiency Anti-atherosclerosis
Diagnostic medication >
Organ function test agent Image inspection medication
Special medicine >
Radioisotope Antidote Stomatology medication Dermatology medication Surgical medication Ophthalmic medication
Drugs that affect tissue metabolism
Feed drug additive
Anti-stress drug
Immune function drug >
Immunomodulatory drug Immunosuppressive drug
Veterinary drug raw materials
Inhibitor
Common amino acids and protein drugs
Nucleic acid drug
Enzymes and coenzymes
Inhibitor >
Immune inhibitor Protein tyrosine kinase Neuronal Signaling PI3K/Akt/mTOR inhibitor (PI3K/Akt/mTOR) Metabolism Cell Cycle Epigenetics Cytoskeletal Signaling Angiogenesis DNA damage Proteases Apoptosis Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) Endocrinology & Hormones G protein coupled receptor(GPCR & G Protein) Transmembrane Transporters Tyrosine protein kinase/signal transducer and transcriptional activator inhibitor (JAK/STAT) TGF-beta/Smad signaling pathway inhibitor (TGF-beta/Smad) Stem Cells & Wnt Signaling Paths (Stem Cells & Wnt) Nuclear transcription factor (NF-κB) Ubiquitin inhibitor Microbiology Autophagy lysosome (Autophagy)
Biological response modifier
Fatty drug
Amino acids and their derivatives >
Arginine derivatives Asparagine derivatives Aspartic acid derivative Cysteine derivative Glutamine derivative Glutamic acid derivative Glycine derivatives Histidine derivative Isoleucine derivative Leucine derivative Lysine derivative Methionine derivatives Phenylalanine derivatives Proline derivatives Serine derivative Threonine derivative Tryptophan derivatives Tyrosine derivatives Proline derivatives Alanine derivatives Methionine derivatives BOC-amino acid Cbz-amino acid FMOC-amino acid --amino acid Other protected amino acids Amino alcohol derivative Amino acid salt Ester amino acid Other amino acid derivatives Natural amino acids and their derivatives
Carbohydrate >
Monosaccharide Oligosaccharide Polysaccharide Double sugar
Biochemical reagent >
Biological dye Acid-base indicator Adjuvant
Nucleoside drugs >
Nucleoside intermediate Deoxynucleotides and their analogues Nucleotides and their analogues
Condensing agent
Peptide
Natural product
Plant extracts
Chinese herbal medicine ingredients
Microbiological reagent
Protein research
antibody >
Antibody Enzyme secondary antibody Apoptosis and autophagy Cell metabolism Chromatin / epigenetic / cell cycle Cytoskeleton/extracellular matrix MAPK and PI3K/Akt pathway Neuroscience Immunity and inflammation PKC, calcium ion and lipid signaling pathway Stem cells, development and differentiation Protein translation, folding and degradation Other categories of primary antibodies
  • CAS Number: 68308-36-1
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  • Catalog:Microbiological reagent
  • Density: N/A
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  • CAS Number: 73049-73-7
  • MF: C13H24O4
  • MW: 244.327
  • Catalog:Microbiological reagent
  • Density: 1.0±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 253.0±8.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 107.5±16.9 °C
  • CAS Number: 91079-40-2
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  • MW:
  • Catalog:Microbiological reagent
  • Density: N/A
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  • CAS Number: 193146-14-4
  • MF: C26H36O4S
  • MW: 444.627
  • Catalog:Microbiological reagent
  • Density: 1.1±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 635.4±55.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 338.1±31.5 °C
  • CAS Number: 68990-09-0
  • MF: N/A
  • MW:
  • Catalog:Microbiological reagent
  • Density: N/A
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