Pituitary hormones are mainly produced by the anterior lobe. The posterior pituitary gland does not secrete hormones. It only stores and releases the antidiuretic hormone (ADH) and oxytocin produced by the hypothalamus. Pituitary hormones are regulated by hypothalamic neurohormones and corresponding target gland hormones. The anterior pituitary gland secretes the following hormones: thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), growth hormone (GH), prolactin (PRL), LH and FSH is also known as gonadotropin (GnH). The above six are polypeptides or protein hormones having a significant physiological activity. Among them, TSH, LH and FSH are glycoproteins, each of which has α- and β-subunits, and their α-subunits are basically the same, while β-subunits are different, and most of the antigenic determinants are in them. On the specific β-subunit, but the maintenance of its biological activity requires the complete molecular structure of α-, β-binding. In the past, melanocyte stimulating hormone (MSH) was secreted in the anterior pituitary, but in chemical structure, β-MSH is a fragment (41-58 amino acids) in the β-lipotropin (β-LPH) molecule. α-MSH is also only a fragment of the amino terminus of the ACTH molecule (1st to 13th amino acids). In 1974, it was found that neither α-MSH nor β-MSH exist in normal human plasma and pituitary extracts, and may belong only to Fragments taken from macromolecules such as lipoproteins during extraction, but may be secreted by MSH in animals with significant mid-leaves. Among the anterior pituitary hormones, ACTH, TSH, LH, and FSH act on the surrounding target glands; the adrenal cortex, thyroid gland, and gonads promote the synthesis and release of the corresponding hormones. Although GH has no clear target gland, it has a growth effect on bone. It is by promoting the liver to produce a growth hormone medium (SM), also known as sulfation factor (SF) (see "Growth Hormone"), PRL acts on the mammary gland to stimulate milk secretion, and still maintains the corpus luteum in rodents. Secretion. Pituitary hormones are regulated by feedback from the hypothalamic release hormone (factor) and various target gland hormones. In addition, ACTH cells in the anterior pituitary also produce β-lipotropin, and its physiological significance is still unclear. The molecular structure contains β-MSH and some amino acid sequences of endorphins and enkephalin molecules (see “Adrenocorticotropic hormone”. And β-lipotropin”). ADH is stored in the posterior pituitary, and is secreted into the blood circulation after being stimulated by increased plasma osmotic pressure or insufficient blood volume. It mainly acts on the renal distal convoluted tubules and collecting ducts, so that the water absorption increases and the urine concentrates into hypertonic fluid, thereby regulating The total amount of water in the body, effective blood volume, osmotic pressure and blood pressure. The role of oxytocin is mainly to stimulate uterine contraction during childbirth, promote lactation after childbirth, but also has a mild antidiuretic effect.
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Amino compound
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Oxy-containing amino compound
Cycloalkylamines, aromatic monoamines, aromatic polyamines and derivatives and salts thereof
Acyclic monoamines, polyamines and their derivatives and salts
Amide compound
Sulfonic acid amino compound
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Alcohols, phenols, phenolic compounds and derivatives
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2-cycloalcohol
Halogenated, sulfonated, nitrated or nitrosated derivatives of alcohols
Extremely halogenated, sulfonated, nitrated or nitrosated derivatives of phenols
Phenol and its halogenated, sulfonated, nitrated or nitrosated derivatives
Acyclic alcohol
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Nitrogen-containing compound
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Nitrile compound
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Organic derivative of hydrazine or hydrazine
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Terpenoid
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Ether compounds and their derivatives
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Ether, ether alcohol
Halogenation, sulfonation, nitration or nitrosation of ethers, ether alcohols, ether phenols
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Aldehyde
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Carboxylic compounds and derivatives
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Cyclic carboxylic acid
Halogenation, sulfonation, nitration or nitrosation of carboxylic acids
Halogenation, sulfonation, nitration or nitration of carboxylic anhydrides
Carboxylic acid halide
Carboxylic esters and their derivatives
Salt of carboxylic acid ester and its derivatives
Acyclic carboxylic acid
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Hydrocarbon compounds and their derivatives
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Aromatic hydrocarbon
Cyclic hydrocarbon
Hydrocarbon sulfonate
Hydrocarbon halide
Hydrocarbon nitrite
Acyclic hydrocarbon
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Ketone compound
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Alkyl ureas and their derivatives and salts
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Inorganic acid ester
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Heterocyclic compound
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Diazo, azo or azo compound
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Organosilicon compound
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Organometallic compound
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Organic palladium
Organic germanium, cobalt, strontium, barium, gallium, germanium, germanium, germanium, germanium, etc.
Organic calcium
Zirconium
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Organic
Organic lithium
Organic
Organic aluminum
Organotin
Organic manganese
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Organic nickel
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Organic copper
Organotin
Organic zinc
Organic
Organic
Organic germanium, mercury, silver, platinum, etc.
Organic germanium, antimony, bismuth, tungsten, antimony, bismuth, lead, vanadium, molybdenum, chromium, antimony, etc.
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Organic sulfur compound
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Organic phosphine compound
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Organometallic salt
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Organic fluorine compound
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Fluorobenzoic acid series
Fluorobenzonitrile series
Fluorobenzaldehyde series
Fluorobenzyl alcohol series
Fluoroanisole series
Fluoroaniline series
Fluorophenylacetic acid series
Fluorophenol series
Fluorobenzoic acid series
Fluoronitrobenzene series
Fluoropyridine series
Potassium fluoroborate series
Fluorobenzyl alcohol series
Fluorotoluene series
Fluorine red series
Fluoroethane series
Fluoropropane series