Manic Depression, also known as Affective Disorders, is a mental illness characterized by emotional morbid changes. Manic depression manifests as recurrent episodes of either mania or depression (single phase), or alternating episodes (biphasic). The cause may be related to the imbalance of monoamines in the brain, but the lack of serotonin (5-HT) is the common biochemical basis. On this basis, NA (norepinephrine) is hyperactive when it is hyperactive. When the attack occurs, the patient's mood is high, the mind is quick, and the activity increases. Insufficient NA function is characterized by depression, low mood, reduced speech, mental and motor retardation, self-blame and sin, and even attempted suicide. The treatment of this type of disease is mainly symptomatic treatment, the main drugs are divided into antidepressants and anti-mania drugs. Commonly used antidepressants are tricyclic tetracyclics, including imipramine, desipramine, doxepin, amitriptyline, mianserin, maprotiline, etc., which are combined with phenothiazines. The main difference in chemical structure is the replacement of the S atom by -CH2-CH2. These drugs are mainly used in the treatment of various types of depression. It is better for endogenous, reactive, and menopausal depression, but less effective for depression in schizophrenia. The most common adverse reactions are atropine-like effects such as dry mouth, constipation, blurred vision, and palpitations. A typical anti-manic drug is a lithium formulation. The therapeutic amount of lithium salt has little effect on the mental activity of normal people, but it has a significant effect on the author of mania, which makes the patient's speech and behavior return to normal. Experiments have shown that lithium salt can inhibit the release of NA and DA in the brain, and promote its reuptake, reduce the NA concentration in the synaptic cleft, and produce anti-manic effect. Lithium salts have many adverse reactions and are individual differences. Other drugs such as chlorpromazine, haloperidol and the anti-epileptic drug carbamazepine are also effective against mania.
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Amino compound
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Oxy-containing amino compound
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Amide compound
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2-cycloalcohol
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Organic derivative of hydrazine or hydrazine
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Terpenoid
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Ether, ether alcohol
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Inorganic acid ester
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