[Mechanism] Penicillins inhibit the synthesis of bacterial cell walls, causing the production and activation of autolytic enzymes, resulting in bacterial death. In this group of drugs, different varieties target different penicillin binding proteins and enzymes, and these proteins and enzymes are involved in the metabolism of bacterial cell walls. [Indications] bactericidal effect in the bacterial breeding period. Gram-positive cocci: Streptococcus, pneumococcus, sensitive staphylococci; and certain Gram-negative cocci: Neisseria meningitidis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, have a strong antibacterial effect. Gram-positive bacilli: Diphtheria bacilli; spirochetes: Treponema pallidum, Recurrent Treponema pallidum, Leptospira; Clostridium: Various infections caused by tetanus, gastrobacteria and actinomycetes, such as Suppurative skin diseases, skin bacterial infections, gonorrhea, syphilis, etc. [Contraindications] For those who are allergic to penicillin and have a history of allergies. [Adverse reactions] 1. Allergic reactions; 2. Gastrointestinal discomfort. 【Notes】 1. Probenecid can block the excretion of penicillin drugs, and the combined application can increase the blood concentration. 2. The skin test must be carried out according to the prescribed method before administration. Procaine penicillin is prohibited for those who are allergic to procaine. 3. Procaine penicillin can cause a specific reaction. At the time of injection or 1 to 2 minutes after the injection of the drug, the patient felt uncomfortable, endangered, dizzy, palpitations, auditory hallucinations and other symptoms. Generally no respiratory and circulatory disorders, in most cases, elevated blood pressure. Generally, no special treatment is needed, and the symptoms can be relieved by maintaining the symptoms for 1 to 2 hours. The use of sedatives and antihistamines can help with recovery. 4. Low doses of penicillin do not cause toxic reactions. In high-dose applications, neuro-psychotic symptoms can occur. For patients with hemagglutination defects, large doses of penicillin can disrupt the coagulation mechanism and lead to bleeding. 5. The aqueous solution of penicillin sodium and potassium salts is unstable and should be used now.
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Amino compound
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Oxy-containing amino compound
Cycloalkylamines, aromatic monoamines, aromatic polyamines and derivatives and salts thereof
Acyclic monoamines, polyamines and their derivatives and salts
Amide compound
Sulfonic acid amino compound
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Alcohols, phenols, phenolic compounds and derivatives
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2-cycloalcohol
Halogenated, sulfonated, nitrated or nitrosated derivatives of alcohols
Extremely halogenated, sulfonated, nitrated or nitrosated derivatives of phenols
Phenol and its halogenated, sulfonated, nitrated or nitrosated derivatives
Acyclic alcohol
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Nitrogen-containing compound
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Nitrile compound
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Organic derivative of hydrazine or hydrazine
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Terpenoid
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Ether compounds and their derivatives
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Ether, ether alcohol
Halogenation, sulfonation, nitration or nitrosation of ethers, ether alcohols, ether phenols
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Aldehyde
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Carboxylic compounds and derivatives
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Cyclic carboxylic acid
Halogenation, sulfonation, nitration or nitrosation of carboxylic acids
Halogenation, sulfonation, nitration or nitration of carboxylic anhydrides
Carboxylic acid halide
Carboxylic esters and their derivatives
Salt of carboxylic acid ester and its derivatives
Acyclic carboxylic acid
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Hydrocarbon compounds and their derivatives
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Aromatic hydrocarbon
Cyclic hydrocarbon
Hydrocarbon sulfonate
Hydrocarbon halide
Hydrocarbon nitrite
Acyclic hydrocarbon
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Ketone compound
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Alkyl ureas and their derivatives and salts
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Inorganic acid ester
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Heterocyclic compound
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Diazo, azo or azo compound
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Organosilicon compound
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Organometallic compound
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Organic palladium
Organic germanium, cobalt, strontium, barium, gallium, germanium, germanium, germanium, germanium, etc.
Organic calcium
Zirconium
Organic potassium
Organic
Organic lithium
Organic
Organic aluminum
Organotin
Organic manganese
Organic sodium
Organic nickel
Organic titanium
Organic iron
Organic copper
Organotin
Organic zinc
Organic
Organic
Organic germanium, mercury, silver, platinum, etc.
Organic germanium, antimony, bismuth, tungsten, antimony, bismuth, lead, vanadium, molybdenum, chromium, antimony, etc.
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Organic sulfur compound
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Organic phosphine compound
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Organometallic salt
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Organic fluorine compound
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Fluorobenzoic acid series
Fluorobenzonitrile series
Fluorobenzaldehyde series
Fluorobenzyl alcohol series
Fluoroanisole series
Fluoroaniline series
Fluorophenylacetic acid series
Fluorophenol series
Fluorobenzoic acid series
Fluoronitrobenzene series
Fluoropyridine series
Potassium fluoroborate series
Fluorobenzyl alcohol series
Fluorotoluene series
Fluorine red series
Fluoroethane series
Fluoropropane series