Non-metallic mineral

Non-metallic minerals are minerals that are metal-free and non-fuel that are simply processed or directly applicable. The non-metallic mineral industry started in the late 1950s and has developed rapidly since the 1980s. It has become an industry with a combination of exploration, mining, selection and processing. Of the more than 70 non-metallic minerals in China with proven reserves, pyrite, gypsum and barite resources rank first in the world. Asbestos, fluorite, phosphate rock, talc, mica, graphite, kaolin, magnesite, limestone, bentonite, marble, salt mine, trona and other resources rank among the best in the world. Diamonds, gemstones, jade and other mines have been discovered in Shandong, Liaoning, Xinjiang and other provinces. Xinjiang's non-metallic mineral resources are abundant and complete in variety. At present, 84 species have been discovered, and more than 40 species have been developed and utilized. Among them, the reserves of muscovite, vermiculite, feldspar and bentonite rank first in China, magnesite, granite and asbestos. The reserves of gypsum and so on are also very rich. The amount of non-metallic minerals in Hunan is also very rich, and it has the reputation of “the hometown of non-metallic minerals”. There are more than 30 proven reserves, the main minerals are limestone, silica, dolomite, fluorite, pyrite, phosphate rock, boron ore, rock salt, thenardite, arsenic ore, barite, kaolin, graphite, gypsum. , talc, quartz sand, feldspar, sepiolite, bentonite, diamond, piezoelectric water stone, smelting crystal, etc. Among them, the reserves of fluorite, barite, feldspar and sepiolite rank first in the country. The reserves of thenardite, arsenic and kaolin rank second in the country, and graphite and diamond rank third in the country. Non-metallic minerals are rich in variety and can be divided into: (1) metallurgical auxiliary materials such as magnesite, refractory clay, silica, dolomite, fluorite, etc.; (2) special non-metallic minerals such as diamond, Crystal, ice stone, mica, tourmaline, etc.; (3) chemical non-metallic minerals, such as phosphorus, sulfur, potassium, magnesium, trona, thenardite, ceresin, etc.; (4) building materials, such as basalt, granite , marble, gypsum, etc.; (5) ceramics, glass raw materials, such as kaolin, plastic clay, quartz sand, feldspar, etc.; (6) other materials, such as vermiculite, pumice, diatomaceous earth, asbestos, graphite, talc and so on. Non-metallic mines are generally easy to mine and have a large amount of mining. Some mineral processing techniques are more complex and require protection of primary crystals such as diamond, mica, asbestos, etc. Figure 1 shows pictures of barite and mica.